Chapter 5, Problem 55AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The percent of protons to the total mass of one selenium atom has to be given.

Answer to Problem 55AE

The percent of protons in a selenium atom is $\text{43}\text{.37\%}\text{.}$

Explanation of Solution

Given,

The mass of one selenium atom is $\text{1}{\text{.311×10}}^{\text{-22}}\text{g}\text{.}$

The mass of a proton is $\text{1}{\text{.6726219×10}}^{\text{-24}}\text{g}\text{.}$

The total number of protons in $\text{Se}$ is $34.$

The mass percent can be calculated as,

  $\text{Mass}\text{percent=}\frac{\text{Mass}\text{of}\text{electron}}{\text{Mass}\text{of}\text{atom}}\text{×100}$

  $\text{Mass}\text{percent=}\frac{\text{34×1}{\text{.6726219×10}}^{\text{-24}}\text{g}}{\text{1}{\text{.311×10}}^{\text{-22}}\text{g}}\text{×100}$

  $\text{Mass}\text{percent=43}\text{.37\%}$

The percent of protons in a selenium atom is $\text{43}\text{.37\%}\text{.}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The percent of protons to the total mass of one xenon atom has to be given.

Answer to Problem 55AE

The percent of protons in a xenon atom is $\text{41}\text{.13\%}\text{.}$

Explanation of Solution

Given,

The mass of one xenon atom is $\text{2}{\text{.180×10}}^{\text{-22}}\text{g}\text{.}$

The mass of a proton is $\text{1}{\text{.6726219×10}}^{\text{-24}}\text{g}\text{.}$

The total number of protons in $\text{Xe}$ is $54.$

The mass percent can be calculated as,

  $\text{Mass}\text{percent=}\frac{\text{Mass}\text{of}\text{electron}}{\text{Mass}\text{of}\text{atom}}\text{×100}$

  $\text{Mass}\text{percent=}\frac{\text{54×1}{\text{.6726219×10}}^{\text{-24}}\text{g}}{\text{2}{\text{.180×10}}^{\text{-22}}\text{g}}\text{×100}$

  $\text{Mass}\text{percent=41}\text{.13\%}$

The percent of protons in a xenon atom is $\text{41}\text{.13\%}\text{.}$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The percent of protons to the total mass of one Chlorine atom has to be given.

Answer to Problem 55AE

The percent of protons in a Chlorine atom is $\text{48}\text{.30\%}\text{.}$

Explanation of Solution

Given,

The mass of one Chlorine atom is $\text{5}{\text{.887×10}}^{\text{-23}}\text{g}\text{.}$

The mass of a proton is $\text{1}{\text{.6726219×10}}^{\text{-24}}\text{g}\text{.}$

The total number of protons in $\text{Cl}$ is $17.$

The mass percent can be calculated as,

  $\text{Mass}\text{percent=}\frac{\text{Mass}\text{of}\text{electron}}{\text{Mass}\text{of}\text{atom}}\text{×100}$

  $\text{Mass}\text{percent=}\frac{\text{17×1}{\text{.6726219×10}}^{\text{-24}}\text{g}}{\text{5}{\text{.887×10}}^{\text{-23}}\text{g}}\text{×100}$

  $\text{Mass}\text{percent=48}\text{.30\%}$

The percent of protons in a Chlorine atom is $\text{48}\text{.30\%}\text{.}$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The percent of protons to the total mass of one Barium atom has to be given.

Answer to Problem 55AE

The percent of protons in a Barium atom is $\text{41}\text{.08\%}\text{.}$

Explanation of Solution

Given,

The mass of one Barium atom is $\text{2}{\text{.280×10}}^{\text{-22}}\text{g}\text{.}$

The mass of a proton is $\text{1}{\text{.6726219×10}}^{\text{-24}}\text{g}\text{.}$

The total number of protons in $\text{Ba}$ is $56.$

The mass percent can be calculated as,

  $\text{Mass}\text{percent=}\frac{\text{Mass}\text{of}\text{electron}}{\text{Mass}\text{of}\text{atom}}\text{×100}$

  $\text{Mass}\text{percent=}\frac{\text{56×1}{\text{.6726219×10}}^{\text{-24}}\text{g}}{\text{2}{\text{.280×10}}^{\text{-22}}\text{g}}\text{×100}$

  $\text{Mass}\text{percent=41}\text{.08\%}$

The percent of protons in a Barium atom is $\text{41}\text{.08\%}\text{.}$