Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The difference in the behaviour of a sample of gas from a sample of liquids when the sample is transferred from one container to a larger one is to be explained.
Concept introduction:
Gases have weak intramolecular forces of attraction in comparison to liquids. The weak intramolecular forces lead to very less attraction among the gaseous particles resulting in its free motion.
Liquids have stronger intramolecular forces of attraction than gases and this property of liquids make it highly fluid in nature.
(a)
Answer to Problem 5.1P
The volume of the liquids has definite volume while the volume of gases doesn’t have a fixed volume. This is so because the volume of gas is dependent on the volume of the containers.
Explanation of Solution
The molecule of the gas moves more freely than the solid and liquids. The gas doesn’t have a definite shape and volume. The liquids have a definite volume but don’t have a fixed shape.
The volume of the gas is dependent on the volume of the containers, the volume of gas is increased as the volume of the containers increases while the liquids have fixed volume. This is so because the intermolecular forces between the gaseous molecules are weaker so, the molecules are move very fast than liquids molecules.
The volume of gases doesn’t have a fixed volume but the volume of liquids have a definite volume.
(b)
Interpretation:
The difference in the behaviour of a sample of gas from a sample of liquids when the sample heated in an expandable container is to be explained.
Concept introduction:
Gases have weak intramolecular forces of attraction in comparison to liquids. The weak intramolecular forces lead to very less attraction among the gaseous particles resulting in its free motion.
Liquids have stronger intramolecular forces of attraction than gases and this property of liquids make it highly fluid in nature.
The volume of the gas is dependent on the temperature, as the temperature increases the volume increase.
(b)
Answer to Problem 5.1P
If the sample of gas is rapidly heated in the expandable container, the volume of the gas is increased but the volume of the liquids molecule will be the same.
Explanation of Solution
The gas volume will be changed significantly with temperature. When a sample of gas is rapidly heated, the volume of expandable containers having the gas is increased. This is so because the speed of the molecule is increased and result in more collision on the wall of the container. More the collisions on the container wall, more will be the pressure exerted by the gas particles. This results to increase the volume of the gas.
When a sample of liquid is rapidly heated, the volume of expandable containers having liquids will not be changed.
As temperature increases, the volume of expandable containers having the gas is increased.
(c)
Interpretation:
The difference in the behaviour of a sample of gas from a sample of liquids when the external force applied to the piston of an expandable container is to be explained.
Concept introduction:
Gases have weak intramolecular forces of attraction in comparison to liquids. The weak intramolecular forces lead to very less attraction among the gaseous particles resulting in its free motion.
Liquids have stronger intramolecular forces of attraction than gases and this property of liquids make it highly fluid in nature.
The volume of the gas is inversely proportional to the pressure, as the pressure increases the volume decrease.
(c)
Answer to Problem 5.1P
As the pressure increases, the volume of the gas decreases while the volume of the liquid will be the same.
Explanation of Solution
The gas volume will be changed significantly with pressure. The sample of gas is present in the cylinder with a piston, as the external force applied on the piston increases, the volume of gas decreases. This is so because gases are compressible. As the pressure increases, the volume of the liquids doesn’t change because the liquids are incompressible.
Gases are compressible and the liquids are incompressible.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 5 Solutions
MCGRAW: CHEMISTRY THE MOLECULAR NATURE
- 6.15PM Sun Mar 30 K Draw the major product of this reaction. Include any relevant stereochemistry. Ignore inorganic byproducts. Problem 1 of O H [PhзPCH2CH3]*C|¯ NaH Drawing > Q Atoms, Bonds and Draw or tap a nearrow_forward8:17 PM Sun Mar 30 Draw the major product of this reaction. Ignore inorganic byproducts. HSCH2CH2CH2SH, BF3 Probler Drawing Ato Bonds Clarrow_forwardpresented by Mr L How the coprion. (Il Done in no wraction, dew the starting redential) доarrow_forward
- 8:16 PM Sun Mar 30 K Draw the major product of this reaction. Ignore inorganic byproducts. Proble 1. CH3MgBr 2. H3O+ F Drawingarrow_forwardо но оarrow_forwardName the major organic product of the following action of 4-chloro-4-methyl-1-pentanol in neutral pollution 10+ Now the product. The product has a molecular formula f b. In a singly hain, the starting, material again converts into a secule with the molecular kormula CIO. but with comply Draw the major organic structure inhalationarrow_forward
- Macmillan Learning Alcohols can be oxidized by chromic acid derivatives. One such reagent is pyridinium chlorochromate, (C,H,NH*)(CICTO3), commonly known as PCC. Draw the proposed (neutral) intermediate and the organic product in the oxidation of 1-butanol by PCC when carried out in an anhydrous solvent such as CH₂C₁₂. PCC Intermediate OH CH2Cl2 Draw the intermediate. Select Draw Templates More с H Cr о Product Draw the product. Erase Select Draw Templates More H о Erasearrow_forwardIf I have 1-bromopropene, to obtain compound A, I have to add NaOH and another compound. Indicate which compound that would be. A C6H5 CH3arrow_forwardProvide the reagents for the following reactions.arrow_forward
- If I have 1-bromopropene, to obtain compound Z, I have to add two compounds A1 and A2. Indicate which compounds are needed. P(C6H5)3arrow_forwardDraw the major product of this reaction. Ignore inorganic byproducts. Assume that the water side product is continuously removed to drive the reaction toward products. O CH3CH2NH2, TSOH Select to Draw >arrow_forwardPredict the major organic product(s) for the following reaction.arrow_forward
ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Chemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY