Concept explainers
Interpretation:
Structural formulas for all
Concept Introduction:
- • Name the main chain: Find the longest carbon chain and name the chain according to the number of carbon atoms it contains; is also the root name.
- • Number the carbon atoms in the main chain: The carbons are numbered, in which the substituents must get lowest possible numbers.
- • Identify the substituents, and number each: The number at where substituents are present has to be noted. The substituents written as prefix.
- • Write the names as a single word: Use the hyphen to separate the numbers from the different prefix; commas to separate numbers. If two or more different substituents are present, arrange them in alphabetical order. If two or more identical substituents are present, use prefixes di-, tri-, tetra-, but this particular prefix should not be used for alphabetizing purpose.
Alkene:
The systematic name of alkenes are written by replacing “ane” of
Trans configuration: In trans configuration, groups present in the main chain are placed on opposite sides of the carbon-carbon double bond.
Cis configuration: In cis configuration, groups present in the main chain are placed on same sides of the carbon-carbon double bond.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
EP ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-OWL V2 ACCESS
- For the following, you must draw an appropriate structure that has the chemical formula C5H7O2Cl with the indicated functional group(s) and/or property. In each case, identify any other functional groups in the molecule you draw, that were not indicated in the question. You may use Lewis or bond- line structures to draw your molecules. You may not use the same structure to answer more than 1 question. a) An acyclic molecule that cannot form hydrogen bonds with itself b) A tertiary chloride c) A cyclic etherarrow_forward1. Although there is only one alkene with the formula C2H4 (ethene) and only one with the formula C3H6 (propene), there are several alkenes with the formula C4H8. Draw all of the possible bond line structures for alkenes with the formula C4H3 including all possible structural and stereoisomers.arrow_forwardYou are teaching a class in organic chemistry to grade 12 students. Outline the differences in 3 physical properties between alkanes, alcohols, and carboxylic acids. Note: they all have the same hydrocarbon length.arrow_forward
- Draw a structural formula for the one constitutional isomer of the unbranched alkane C7H16 in which the longest carbon chain has 4 atoms. • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. • In cases where there is more than one answer, just draw one.arrow_forwardDraw Lewis structures and condensed structural formulas for the four alcohols with the molecular formula C4H10O. Classify each alcohol as primary, secondary, or tertiary. (Hint: First consider the connectivity of the four carbon atoms; they can be bonded either four in a chain or three in a chain with the fourth carbon as a branch on the middle carbon. Then consider the points at which the iOH group can be bonded to each carbon chain.)arrow_forwardDraw the condensed or line-angle structure for an alkene with the formula C5H10. Name 6 Structural isomers of C5H10. They should three alkene and two cycloalkanearrow_forward
- name and draw structural formulas for all cyclo-alkanes with the molecular formula C5H10. Be certain to include cis-trans isomers, as well as constitutional isomersarrow_forwardNatural gas and petroleum deposits make up the world’s largest source of alkanes. Refinement of petroleum followed by distillation produces fuels for vehicles where the fuels undergo combustion. However, not all fuels are judged as “good fuel”, some are “poor fuel”. Hence, the “octane number” was developed to determine the type of fuel. Why is the straight-chain alkane octane considered as poor fuel with an octane number = 0 and a branched-chain alkane 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane with an octane number = 100?arrow_forwardDescribe structural isomerism and the different types that exist. With the aid of diagrams use the molecular formulae C5H12 and C5H10 to explain structural isomerism in aliphatic alkanes and alkenesarrow_forward
- Draw three cycloalkanes which are structural (constitutional) isomers of C6H12. At least one of these structures must be able to show cis/trans isomerism. Mark this example with an asterisk.arrow_forwardThe empirical formula of X is C3H5CIO If X is an optically alkanal, give the structural formula of X and draw this pair of enantiomers.Structural formula of X : If X has a C=C bond and a saturated OH group (i.e. The OH group does not attach to the C=C), give the structural formula of X if X shows cis-trans isomerism. Draw the pair of cis-trans isomers.Structural formula of X :arrow_forwardDraw the structure(s) of all of the branched alkene isomers, C6H12, that contain 2 methyl branches.arrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage Learning
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