Chapter 5, Problem 5.107EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Among the given compounds, the compounds that have their names ending with suffix “-ide” has to be given.

Explanation of Solution

Given compounds are ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}{\text{, KCl, HF, CH}}_{\text{4}}{\text{, and CO}}_{\text{2}}$.

For ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}$:

This contains nitrogen and oxygen as its constituent elements and they are nonmetals.  Name of the binary molecular compound consist of two words.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{First}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{full}\text{name}\text{of}\text{least}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\\ \text{Second}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{Stem of name}\text{for}\text{more}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\text{+}\text{(ide)}\end{array}$

The elements present in the given compound are nitrogen and oxygen.  The two portions are combined to give the name for the given compound as dinitrogen trioxide.

For $\text{KCl}$:

This contains potassium and chlorine atom.  This is an ionic compound.  Ionic compound is named by using the metal name as such and the counter negative charged ion is named by using the suffix “-ide”.  This gives the name of $\text{KCl}$ as potassium chloride.

For $\text{HF}$:

This contains hydrogen and fluorine as its constituent elements and they are nonmetals.  Name of the binary molecular compound consist of two words.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{First}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{full}\text{name}\text{of}\text{least}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\\ \text{Second}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{Stem of name}\text{for}\text{more}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\text{+}\text{(ide)}\end{array}$

The elements present in the given compound are hydrogen and fluorine.  The two portions are combined to give the name for the given compound as hydrogen fluoride.  As this contains hydrogen atom, no prefix is used.

For ${\text{CH}}_{\text{4}}$:

This compound contain only carbon and hydrogen atom.  This is a hydrocarbon.  The name of the given compound is methane.  This is because the naming system of hydrocarbon is different.

For ${\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}$:

This contains carbon and oxygen as its constituent elements and they are nonmetals.  Name of the binary molecular compound consist of two words.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{First}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{full}\text{name}\text{of}\text{least}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\\ \text{Second}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{Stem of name}\text{for}\text{more}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\text{+}\text{(ide)}\end{array}$

The elements present in the given compound are carbon and oxygen.  The two portions are combined to give the name for the given compound as carbon dioxide.

The compounds name that end with the suffix “-ide” are ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}{\text{, HF, and CO}}_{\text{2}}$.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Among the given compounds, the compounds that have their names with two numerical prefixes have to be given.

Explanation of Solution

Given compounds are ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}{\text{, KCl, HF, CH}}_{\text{4}}{\text{, and CO}}_{\text{2}}$.

For ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}$:

This contains nitrogen and oxygen as its constituent elements and they are nonmetals.  Name of the binary molecular compound consist of two words.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{First}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{full}\text{name}\text{of}\text{least}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\\ \text{Second}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{Stem of name}\text{for}\text{more}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\text{+}\text{(ide)}\end{array}$

The elements present in the given compound are nitrogen and oxygen.  The two portions are combined to give the name for the given compound as dinitrogen trioxide.

For $\text{KCl}$:

This contains potassium and chlorine atom.  This is an ionic compound.  Ionic compound is named by using the metal name as such and the counter negative charged ion is named by using the suffix “-ide”.  This gives the name of $\text{KCl}$ as potassium chloride.

For $\text{HF}$:

This contains hydrogen and fluorine as its constituent elements and they are nonmetals.  Name of the binary molecular compound consist of two words.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{First}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{full}\text{name}\text{of}\text{least}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\\ \text{Second}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{Stem of name}\text{for}\text{more}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\text{+}\text{(ide)}\end{array}$

The elements present in the given compound are hydrogen and fluorine.  The two portions are combined to give the name for the given compound as hydrogen fluoride.  As this contains hydrogen atom, no prefix is used.

For ${\text{CH}}_{\text{4}}$:

This compound contain only carbon and hydrogen atom.  This is a hydrocarbon.  The name of the given compound is methane.  This is because the naming system of hydrocarbon is different.

For ${\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}$:

This contains carbon and oxygen as its constituent elements and they are nonmetals.  Name of the binary molecular compound consist of two words.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{First}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{full}\text{name}\text{of}\text{least}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\\ \text{Second}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{Stem of name}\text{for}\text{more}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\text{+}\text{(ide)}\end{array}$

The elements present in the given compound are carbon and oxygen.  The two portions are combined to give the name for the given compound as carbon dioxide.

The compounds name that has two numerical prefixes is ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}$.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Among the given compounds, the compounds that have their names with prefix mono- have to be given.

Explanation of Solution

Given compounds are ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}{\text{, KCl, HF, CH}}_{\text{4}}{\text{, and CO}}_{\text{2}}$.

For ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}$:

This contains nitrogen and oxygen as its constituent elements and they are nonmetals.  Name of the binary molecular compound consist of two words.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{First}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{full}\text{name}\text{of}\text{least}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\\ \text{Second}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{Stem of name}\text{for}\text{more}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\text{+}\text{(ide)}\end{array}$

The elements present in the given compound are nitrogen and oxygen.  The two portions are combined to give the name for the given compound as dinitrogen trioxide.

For $\text{KCl}$:

This contains potassium and chlorine atom.  This is an ionic compound.  Ionic compound is named by using the metal name as such and the counter negative charged ion is named by using the suffix “-ide”.  This gives the name of $\text{KCl}$ as potassium chloride.

For $\text{HF}$:

This contains hydrogen and fluorine as its constituent elements and they are nonmetals.  Name of the binary molecular compound consist of two words.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{First}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{full}\text{name}\text{of}\text{least}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\\ \text{Second}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{Stem of name}\text{for}\text{more}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\text{+}\text{(ide)}\end{array}$

The elements present in the given compound are hydrogen and fluorine.  The two portions are combined to give the name for the given compound as hydrogen fluoride.  As this contains hydrogen atom, no prefix is used.

For ${\text{CH}}_{\text{4}}$:

This compound contain only carbon and hydrogen atom.  This is a hydrocarbon.  The name of the given compound is methane.  This is because the naming system of hydrocarbon is different.

For ${\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}$:

This contains carbon and oxygen as its constituent elements and they are nonmetals.  Name of the binary molecular compound consist of two words.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{First}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{full}\text{name}\text{of}\text{least}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\\ \text{Second}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{Stem of name}\text{for}\text{more}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\text{+}\text{(ide)}\end{array}$

The elements present in the given compound are carbon and oxygen.  The two portions are combined to give the name for the given compound as carbon dioxide.

Looking into the names of the given compounds, there is no compound having the name with prefix mono- in it.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Among the given compounds, the compounds that have their names without any numerical prefix have to be given.

Explanation of Solution

Given compounds are ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}{\text{, KCl, HF, CH}}_{\text{4}}{\text{, and CO}}_{\text{2}}$.

For ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}$:

This contains nitrogen and oxygen as its constituent elements and they are nonmetals.  Name of the binary molecular compound consist of two words.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{First}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{full}\text{name}\text{of}\text{least}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\\ \text{Second}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{Stem of name}\text{for}\text{more}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\text{+}\text{(ide)}\end{array}$

The elements present in the given compound are nitrogen and oxygen.  The two portions are combined to give the name for the given compound as dinitrogen trioxide.

For $\text{KCl}$:

This contains potassium and chlorine atom.  This is an ionic compound.  Ionic compound is named by using the metal name as such and the counter negative charged ion is named by using the suffix “-ide”.  This gives the name of $\text{KCl}$ as potassium chloride.

For $\text{HF}$:

This contains hydrogen and fluorine as its constituent elements and they are nonmetals.  Name of the binary molecular compound consist of two words.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{First}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{full}\text{name}\text{of}\text{least}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\\ \text{Second}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{Stem of name}\text{for}\text{more}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\text{+}\text{(ide)}\end{array}$

The elements present in the given compound are hydrogen and fluorine.  The two portions are combined to give the name for the given compound as hydrogen fluoride.  As this contains hydrogen atom, no prefix is used.

For ${\text{CH}}_{\text{4}}$:

This compound contain only carbon and hydrogen atom.  This is a hydrocarbon.  The name of the given compound is methane.  This is because the naming system of hydrocarbon is different.

For ${\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}$:

This contains carbon and oxygen as its constituent elements and they are nonmetals.  Name of the binary molecular compound consist of two words.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{First}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{full}\text{name}\text{of}\text{least}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\\ \text{Second}\text{word}\text{:}\text{(prefix)}\text{+}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{Stem of name}\text{for}\text{more}\\ \text{electronegative}\text{nonmetal}\end{array}\right)\text{+}\text{(ide)}\end{array}$

The elements present in the given compound are carbon and oxygen.  The two portions are combined to give the name for the given compound as carbon dioxide.

Looking into the names of the given compounds, the compound that do not contain any numerical prefix is ${\text{KCl, HF, and CH}}_{\text{4}}$.