Biological Science (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134678320
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Greg Podgorski, Emily Taylor, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 1TYK
What are three ways monosaccharides differ from one another?
Expert Solution & Answer
Summary Introduction
To review:
The three ways monosaccharides differ from one another.
Introduction:
Monosaccharides are the simplest form of sugar and are the building blocks or monomers of the carbohydrate macromolecule.
Explanation of Solution
The monosaccharides differ from each other in three ways:
The monosaccharides differ on the basis of number of C-atoms in the molecule and are classified as triose (3C), tetrose (4C), pentose (5C), and so on.
The second way in which the monosaccharides differ from one another is the position of the carbonyl group. The carbonyl group can be at the end of the carbon chain (classified as an aldose) or at the position other than the end (in the middle) of the carbon chain (classified as a ketone).
The next way is the spatial position or arrangement of hydroxyl group in the carbohydrate molecule. When different monosaccharides have the same number of C-atoms in their chain, they differ on the basis of the position of the hydroxyl group. For example, glucose and galactose both are six-carbon sugars, but the difference in the spatial position of the hydroxyl group makes them different from each other in structure as well as function.
Conclusion
The monosaccharides differ on the basis of number of carbon (C) atoms, the position of the carbonyl group, and the spatial position of the hydroxyl group.
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Students have asked these similar questions
19. On the diagram below
a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA.
b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing.
c. Add the following details to the diagram.
Promoter region
TATA box
Transcription start site
Transcription terminator
Intron (A,B,C,D)
Exons (1,2,3,4,5)
Splice sites
5' cap
5' UTR (untranslated region)
3' poly A tail
3' UTR (untranslated region)
Translational start (AUG)
Translational stop (UGA, UAG, or UAA)
N and C ends of polypeptide
0000
Match the letter labels in the figure below to the terms. Some letter
labels are not used.
MNNNNNNIN
M
C
B
A
M
D
F
E
H
K
G
8
The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions.
1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction?
2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe:
a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why?
b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for?
3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale.
4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale.
Mutation 1
Mutation 2
Chapter 5 Solutions
Biological Science (7th Edition)
Ch. 5 - 1. What are three ways monosaccharides differ from...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 5 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 5 - 4. What are the primary functions of carbohydrates...Ch. 5 - 8. Lysozyme, an enzyme found in human saliva,...Ch. 5 - SOCIETY Galactosemia is a potentially fatal...Ch. 5 - 10. If you hold a salty cracker in your mouth long...Ch. 5 - Sucrose is cleaved in your saliva by the enzyme...Ch. 5 - Prob. 13PIATCh. 5 - High-fructose corn syrup is produced by converting...
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