
Types of soils and how they are classified

Answer to Problem 1RQ
Soils are classified based on particle size and physical properties. The types of soil include gravel, sand, silt, clay, and organic matter.
Explanation of Solution
The classification of soils is done based on the particle size and their physical properties. They are segregated with the help of sieve analysis. They are mostly classified in the following five types,
A. Gravel:
It is a hard rock material with particle size greater than 6.4mm but less than 76mm.
B. Sand
The particle size ranges from 0.050mm to 6.3mm which are too small to handle individually. Sand possesses high permeability and therefore has excellent drainage characteristics.
C. Silt
The particle size of silt ranges from 0.002mm to 0.05mm. It is also known as fine sand.
D. Clay
It is a cohesive soil and it expands when it absorbs water. The particle size of clay is less than 0.002 mm.
E. Organic matter
It refers to partly decomposed plants and animals.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 5 Solutions
CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS,METHODS...-PKG
- 6000 units have been installed to date with 9,000 units to install. Labor costs are $23,300.00 to date. What is the unit cost for labor to date?arrow_forwardThe base rate for labor is $15/hr. The labor burden is 35% and 3% for small tools for the labor. There are 1000 units to install. Records indicate that trade workers can install 10 units per hour, per trade worker. The owners need 15% overhead and profit to pay bills, pay interest on loan and provide some profit to the partners. What is the minimum bid assuming no risk avoidance factor?arrow_forwardCan you show me how to obtain these answers thanks, will rate!arrow_forward
- I have the answers for part a just need help with b mostly thanksarrow_forwardPlease explain step by step and show formulasarrow_forward5. (20 Points) Consider a channel width change in the same 7-foot wide rectangular in Problem 4. The horizontal channel narrows as depicted below. The flow rate is 90 cfs, and the energy loss (headloss) through the transition is 0.05 feet. The water depth at the entrance to the transition is initially 4'. 1 b₁ TOTAL ENERGY LINE V² 129 У1 I b₂ TOP VIEW 2 PROFILE VIEW h₁ = 0.05 EGL Y₂ = ? a) b) c) 2 Determine the width, b₂ that will cause a choke at location 2. Determine the water depth at the downstream end of the channel transition (y₂) section if b₂ = 5 feet. Calculate the change in water level after the transition. Plot the specific energy diagram showing all key points. Provide printout in homework. d) What will occur if b₂ = = 1.5 ft.?arrow_forward
- 4. (20 Points) A transition section has been proposed to raise the bed level a height Dz in a 7-foot wide rectangular channel. The design flow rate in the channel is 90 cfs, and the energy loss (headloss) through the transition is 0.05 feet. The water depth at the entrance to the transition section is initially 4 feet. b₁ = b = b2 1 TOTAL ENERGY LINE V² 129 Ут TOP VIEW 2 hloss = 0.05 " EGL Y₂ = ? PROFILE VIEW a) Determine the minimum bed level rise, Dz, which will choke the flow. b) If the step height, Dz = 1 ft, determine the water depth (y2) at the downstream end of the channel transition section. Calculate the amount the water level drops or rises over the step. c) Plot the specific energy diagram showing all key points. Provide printout in Bework. d) What will occur if Dz = 3.0 ft.?. Crest Front Viewarrow_forward1. (20 Points) Determine the critical depth in the trapezoidal drainage ditch shown below. The slope of the ditch is 0.0016, the side slopes are 1V:2.5H, the bottom width is b = 14', and the design discharge is 500 cfs. At this discharge the depth is y = 4.25'. Also, determine the flow regime and calculate the Froude number. Ye= ? Z barrow_forward3. (20 Points) A broad crested weir, 10 feet high, will be constructed in a rectangular channel B feet wide. The weir crest extends a length of B = 120 feet between the banks with 2 - 4 foot wide, round nosed piers in the channel. The width of the weir crest is 8 feet. If H = 6', determine the design discharge for the weir.arrow_forward
- Construction Materials, Methods and Techniques (M...Civil EngineeringISBN:9781305086272Author:William P. Spence, Eva KultermannPublisher:Cengage LearningTraffic and Highway EngineeringCivil EngineeringISBN:9781305156241Author:Garber, Nicholas J.Publisher:Cengage LearningFundamentals Of Construction EstimatingCivil EngineeringISBN:9781337399395Author:Pratt, David J.Publisher:Cengage,
- Fundamentals of Geotechnical Engineering (MindTap...Civil EngineeringISBN:9781305635180Author:Braja M. Das, Nagaratnam SivakuganPublisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Geotechnical Engineering (MindTap C...Civil EngineeringISBN:9781305970939Author:Braja M. Das, Khaled SobhanPublisher:Cengage LearningArchitectural Drafting and Design (MindTap Course...Civil EngineeringISBN:9781285165738Author:Alan Jefferis, David A. Madsen, David P. MadsenPublisher:Cengage Learning





