Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Movement of electrons should be indicated using curved arrows for the given reaction.
Concept introduction:
Mechanism of the reaction is the step-by-step description of the process by which reactants are changed into products.
Curved arrows show the bonds that are formed and the bonds that are broken in a reaction.
Curved arrows used to understand a reaction mechanism.
Curved arrows are drawn to show how the electrons move as new covalent bonds are formed existing covalent bonds are broken.
Each arrow represents the simultaneous movement of two electrons from a nucleophile towards an electrophile.
The tail of the arrow is positioned where the electrons are in the reactant; the tail always start at a lone pair of electron or at a bond.
The head of the arrow points to where these same electrons end up in the product; the arrow always points at an atom or a bond.
(b)
Interpretation:
Movement of electrons should be indicated using curved arrows for the given reaction.
Concept introduction:
Mechanism of the reaction is the step-by-step description of the process by which reactants are changed into products.
Curved arrows show the bonds that are formed and the bonds that are broken in a reaction.
Curved arrows used to understand a reaction mechanism.
Curved arrows are drawn to show how the electrons move as new covalent bonds are formed existing covalent bonds are broken.
Each arrow represents the simultaneous movement of two electrons from a nucleophile towards an electrophile.
The tail of the arrow is positioned where the electrons are in the reactant; the tail always starts at a lone pair of electron or at a bond.
The head of the arrow points to where these same electrons end up in the product; the arrow always points at an atom or a bond.
(c)
Interpretation:
Movement of electrons should be indicated using curved arrows for the given reaction.
Concept introduction:
Mechanism of the reaction is the step-by-step description of the process by which reactants are changed into products.
Curved arrows show the bonds that are formed and the bonds that are broken in a reaction.
Curved arrows used to understand a reaction mechanism.
Curved arrows are drawn to show how the electrons move as new covalent bonds are formed existing covalent bonds are broken.
Each arrow represents the simultaneous movement of two electrons from a nucleophile towards an electrophile.
The tail of the arrow is positioned where the electrons are in the reactant; the tail always starts at a lone pair of electron or at a bond.
The head of the arrow points to where these same electrons end up in the product; the arrow always points at an atom or a bond.
(d)
Interpretation:
Movement of electrons should be indicated using curved arrows for the given reaction.
Concept introduction:
Mechanism of the reaction is the step-by-step description of the process by which reactants are changed into products.
Curved arrows show the bonds that are formed and the bonds that are broken in a reaction.
Curved arrows used to understand a reaction mechanism.
Curved arrows are drawn to show how the electrons move as new covalent bonds are formed existing covalent bonds are broken.
Each arrow represents the simultaneous movement of two electrons from a nucleophile towards an electrophile.
The tail of the arrow is positioned where the electrons are in the reactant; the tail always starts at a lone pair of electron or at a bond.
The head of the arrow points to where these same electrons end up in the product; the arrow always points at an atom or a bond.
(e)
Interpretation:
Movement of electrons should be indicated using curved arrows for the given reaction.
Concept introduction:
Mechanism of the reaction is the step-by-step description of the process by which reactants are changed into products.
Curved arrows show the bonds that are formed and the bonds that are broken in a reaction.
Curved arrows used to understand a reaction mechanism.
Curved arrows are drawn to show how the electrons move as new covalent bonds are formed existing covalent bonds are broken.
Each arrow represents the simultaneous movement of two electrons from a nucleophile towards an electrophile.
The tail of the arrow is positioned where the electrons are in the reactant; the tail always starts at a lone pair of electron or at a bond.
The head of the arrow points to where these same electrons end up in the product; the arrow always points at an atom or a bond.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Organic Chemistry, Books a la Carte Edition (8th Edition)
- 2. Fill the missing reagents or products for the incomplete reaction schemes shown below (only Reagent A or Reagent B will react in significant quantities). F (1 mmol) Reagent A (1 mmol) Reagent B (1 mmol) Major Product from Reagent A Major Product from Reagent B Explain the selectivity observed in this reaction using words and drawings. Br NaNH2 Br NH3, -35 °C Вrz, FeBr3 Draw the mechanism for the transformation shown above. Be sure to draw the important resonance structures that account for the regioselectivity observed in this reaction.arrow_forwardDraw the most stable resonance form for the intermediate in the following electrophilic substitution reaction. CH3 CH3 CH3COCI/ AICI3 H₂C. You do not have to consider stereochemistry. Include all valence lone pairs in your answer. • In cases where there is more than one answer, just draw one.arrow_forwardDraw the most stable resonance form for the intermediate in the following electrophilic substitution reaction. • • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • Include all valence lone pairs in your answer. Br2 Br In cases where there is more than one answer, just draw one. + √n [ ? N ZIarrow_forward
- Draw the most stable resonance form for the intermediate in the following electrophilic substitution reaction. LOCH3 LOCH3 HNO3 / CH3CO₂H O₂N • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • Include all valence lone pairs in your answer. ● In cases where there is more than one answer, just draw one.arrow_forward10. Draw the most stable resonance form for the intermediate in the following electrophilic substitution reaction.arrow_forwardUsing the curved arrow convention, write a detailed, step-by-step mechanism for the reaction of 2-methyl-2-butanol with HCl to produce 2-chloro-2-methylbutane and water. Label the rate-determining step and state the reaction type. How would doubling the concentration of HCl affect the rate of this reaction in 1A? Write the rate equation for this reaction.arrow_forward
- Is the following true or false? A highly selective reaction is one that proceeds with a high turn-over number.arrow_forwardDraw the most stable resonance form for the intermediate in the following electrophilic substitution reaction. OH CH3 + + H3C CH₂ CH3 First stage in synthesis of the preservative BHT • You do not have consider stereochemistry. • Include all valence lone pairs in your answer. • In cases where there is more than one answer, just draw one. ▼ H3PO4 ? OH CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3arrow_forwardarrow_forwardDraw the least stable resonance form for the intermediate in the following electrophilic substitution reaction. CF3 CF3 Br₂/FeBr3 . You do not have to consider stereochemistry. . Include all valence lone pairs in your answer. Br • In cases where there is more than one answer, just draw one. Θ Sn F ChemDoodlearrow_forwardComplete the reaction schemes below providing the products of the reaction schemes below.arrow_forwardDraw the least stable resonance form the intermediate in the following electophilic substitution reaction.arrow_forwardarrow_back_iosSEE MORE QUESTIONSarrow_forward_ios
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