Jimmer has contributed $17,000 to his Roth IRA, and the balance in the account is $20,000. In the current year, Jimmer withdrew $18,800 from the Roth IRA to pay for a new car. If Jimmer's marginal ordinary income tax rate is 23 percent, what amount of tax and penalty, if any, is Jimmer required to pay on the withdrawal in each of the following alternative situations? Jimmer opened the Roth account 44 months before he withdrew the $18,800, and Jimmer is 62 years of age. What is the tax amount?

Alicia has been working for JMM Corporation for 32 years. Alicia participates in JMM's defined benefit plan. Under the plan, for every year of service for JMM, she is to receive 2 percent of the average salary of her three highest consecutive calendar years of compensation from JMM. She retired on January 1, 2024. Before retirement, her annual salary was $588,000, $627,000, and $666,000 for 2021, 2022, and 2023. What is the maximum benefit Alicia can receive in 2024?

ABC Manufacturing Company produces widgets and has been operating for several years. The company's management team is responsible for preparing and monitoring the company's budget to ensure that it stays on track and achieves its financial objectives. ABC Manufacturing Company has recently completed its fiscal year. Management has compiled the planning budget and actual results for the year and has found that the company's actual performance fell short of its budgeted expectations. Management wants your help in gleaning extra information from what we have. The budget and actual results are as follows: Planning budget Sales revenue $5,000 Direct materials     1,000 Direct labor     1,500 Manufacturing overhead        750 Selling and administrative expenses     1,500     Profit $250   Actual results Sales revenue $4,500 Direct materials     1,200 Direct labor     1,100 Manufacturing overhead        900…