Chapter 5, Problem 1.1SC

Are viruses prokaryotes? Eukaryotes? Why or why not?

Summary Introduction

To explain: The reason for why or why not the viruses are considered to be prokaryotes or eukaryotes.

Introduction: Prokaryotes and eukaryotes are the basic cell types of all living cells. The prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack membrane-bounded nucleus and organelles. The eukaryotes possess a distinct nucleus that contains the genetic material of the cell.

Explanation of Solution

The viruses are neither prokaryotes nor eukaryotes. The viruses do not fit into either of these categories. This is because the viruses are minute acellular particles. They lack the capability of multiplying on their own. They use the host’s cellular machinery for their replication. Like the prokaryotes or eukaryotes, the viruses do not possess cellular membranes. The viruses contain only the genetic material (DNA/RNA) encapsulated within the protein capsid. The viruses inject their DNA into the host and incorporate the DNA into the host’s DNA and start replicating using the metabolic process of the host cell. Thus, the viruses are not considered to be either prokaryotes or eukaryotes.