Concept explainers
For the following exercises, use a calculator to graph the function and estimate the value of the limit, then use L’Hôpital’s title to find the limit directly.
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CALCULUS,VOLUME 1 (OER)
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- ints) A common representation of data uses matrices and vectors, so it is helpful to familiarize ourselves with linear algebra notation, as well as some simple operations. Define a vector ♬ to be a column vector. Then, the following properties hold: • cu with c some constant, is equal to a new vector where every element in cv is equal to the corresponding element in & multiplied by c. For example, 2 2 = ● √₁ + √2 is equal to a new vector with elements equal to the elementwise addition of ₁ and 2. For example, 問 2+4-6 = The above properties form our definition for a linear combination of vectors. √3 is a linear combination of √₁ and √2 if √3 = a√₁ + b√2, where a and b are some constants. Oftentimes, we stack column vectors to form a matrix. Define the column rank of a matrix A to be equal to the maximal number of linearly independent columns in A. A set of columns is linearly independent if no column can be written as a linear combination of any other column(s) within the set. If all…arrow_forwardSCAN GRAPHICS SECTION 9.3 | Percent 535 3. Dee Pinckney is married and filing jointly. She has an adjusted gross income of $58,120. The W-2 form shows the amount withheld as $7124. Find Dee's tax liability and determine her tax refund or balance due. 4. Jeremy Littlefield is single and has an adjusted gross income of $152,600. His W-2 form lists the amount withheld as $36,500. Find Jeremy's tax liability and determine his tax refund or balance due. 5. 6. Does a taxpayer in the 33% tax bracket pay 33% of his or her earnings in income tax? Explain your answer. In the table for single taxpayers, how were the figures $922.50 and $5156.25 arrived at? .3 hich percent is used. 00% is the same as multi- mber? 14. Credit Cards A credit card company offers an annual 2% cash-back rebate on all gasoline purchases. If a family spent $6200 on gasoline purchases over the course of a year, what was the family's rebate at the end of the year? Charitable t fractions, decimals, and 15. al Percent…arrow_forwardThe graph of f(x) is given below. Select each true statement about the continuity of f(x) at x = 3. Select all that apply: 7 -6- 5 4 3 2 1- -7-6-5-4-3-2-1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 +1 -2· 3. -4 -6- f(x) is not continuous at a = 3 because it is not defined at x = 3. ☐ f(x) is not continuous at a = - 3 because lim f(x) does not exist. 2-3 f(x) is not continuous at x = 3 because lim f(x) ‡ ƒ(3). →3 O f(x) is continuous at a = 3.arrow_forward
- 1.5. Run Programs 1 and 2 with esin(x) replaced by (a) esin² (x) and (b) esin(x)| sin(x)|| and with uprime adjusted appropriately. What rates of convergence do you observe? Comment.arrow_forwardIs the function f(x) continuous at x = 1? (z) 6 5 4 3. 2 1 0 -10 -9 -7 -5 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 Select the correct answer below: ○ The function f(x) is continuous at x = 1. ○ The right limit does not equal the left limit. Therefore, the function is not continuous. ○ The function f(x) is discontinuous at x = 1. ○ We cannot tell if the function is continuous or discontinuous.arrow_forwardUse Taylor Series to derive the entries to the pentadiagonal and heptadiagonal (septadiagonal?) circulant matricesarrow_forward
- Is the function f(x) shown in the graph below continuous at x = −5? f(x) 7 6 5 4 2 1 0 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 Select the correct answer below: The function f(x) is continuous. ○ The right limit exists. Therefore, the function is continuous. The left limit exists. Therefore, the function is continuous. The function f(x) is discontinuous. ○ We cannot tell if the function is continuous or discontinuous.arrow_forward1.3. The dots of Output 2 lie in pairs. Why? What property of esin(x) gives rise to this behavior?arrow_forward1.6. By manipulating Taylor series, determine the constant C for an error expansion of (1.3) of the form wj−u' (xj) ~ Ch¼u (5) (x;), where u (5) denotes the fifth derivative. Based on this value of C and on the formula for u(5) (x) with u(x) = esin(x), determine the leading term in the expansion for w; - u'(x;) for u(x) = esin(x). (You will have to find maxε[-T,T] |u(5) (x)| numerically.) Modify Program 1 so that it plots the dashed line corresponding to this leading term rather than just N-4. This adjusted dashed line should fit the data almost perfectly. Plot the difference between the two on a log-log scale and verify that it shrinks at the rate O(h6).arrow_forward
- 4. Evaluate the following integrals. Show your work. a) -x b) f₁²x²/2 + x² dx c) fe³xdx d) [2 cos(5x) dx e) √ 35x6 3+5x7 dx 3 g) reve √ dt h) fx (x-5) 10 dx dt 1+12arrow_forwardDefine sinc(x) = sin(x)/x, except with the singularity removed. Differentiate sinc(x) once and twice.arrow_forward1.4. Run Program 1 to N = 216 instead of 212. What happens to the plot of error vs. N? Why? Use the MATLAB commands tic and toc to generate a plot of approximately how the computation time depends on N. Is the dependence linear, quadratic, or cubic?arrow_forward
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