Chapter 48, Problem 1IQ

Summary Introduction

To label: The indicated structures on the given diagram of a neuron.

Introduction: Neurons are the cells within the nervous system that communicate with each other in unique ways.

Answer to Problem 1IQ

Pictorial representation: Fig.1 represents the labeled structures of the neuron.

Fig.1: Structure of a neuron

Explanation of Solution

A neuron consists of a cell body, axon, dendrites, and terminal branches. The cell body is the largest part of the neuron; dendrites receive the signals, and then transmit them to axons, which further transfer them to the terminal branches. These signals originate from a region of cell body known as axon hillock.  The synaptic terminals are present at the branching ends of the axons, which generally release neurotransmitters.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The direction of impulse transmission.

Introduction: An impulse refers to a signal transmitted along a nerve fiber. It is the way nerve cells communicate with each other.

Explanation of Solution

The direction of impulse transmission in a typical neuron is one direction. The dendrite receives the nerve impulse from other neurons, and a single axon transmits signals to other cells. The information is transmitted to another cell at the synapse. The synaptic terminals present at the ends of axons release neurotransmitters that relay signals to another neuron.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The event that occurs at Part e.

Introduction: The basic working unit of the brain is known as a neuron. It transmits information to other nerve cells, gland, or muscle cells.

Explanation of Solution

The branching ends of the axons are known as synaptic terminals. These terminals usually release neurotransmitters that relay signals to another neuron, a gland cell, or a muscle cell.

Conclusion

Synaptic terminals release neurotransmitters that transmit signals to another nerve cell, muscle cell, or gland cell.