Physics for Scientists and Engineers With Modern Physics
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781133953982
Author: SERWAY, Raymond A./
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 46, Problem 72CP
To determine
The upper limit set on the mass of neutron by this observation.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Twelve electron antineutrinos from Supernova 1987A were detected by the Kamiokande neutrino detector in Japan. This experiment consisted of a tank filled with 3 kton of water, and surrounded by photomultiplier tubes. The photomultipliers detect the Cerenkov radiation emitted by a recoiling positron that is emitted after a proton absorbs an antineutrino from the supernova.
Estimate how many people on Earth could have perceived a flash of light, due to the Cerenkov radiation produced by the same process, when an antineutrino from the supernova traveled through their eyeball. Assume that eyeballs are composed primarily of water, each weighs about 10 g, and that the Earth’s population was 5 billion in 1987.
The energy flux carried by neutrinos from the Sun is estimated to be on the order of 0.400 W/m2 at the Earth's surface. Estimate the fractional mass loss of the Sun over 1.0 109 yr due to the emission of neutrinos. The mass of the Sun is 1.989 1030 kg. The Earth–Sun distance is 1.496 1011 m.
m
msun
=
We saw that, on Earth, the number flux of solar neutrinos from the p-p chain is 6.7E10 s-1 cm-2. Other nuclear reactions in the Sun supplement this neutrino flux with a small additional flux of higher-energy neutrinos. A neutrino detector in Japan, named Super Kamiokande, consists of a tank of 50kton of water, surrounded by photomultiplier tubes. The tubes detect the flash of Cerenkov radiation emitted by a recoiling electron when a high-energy neutrino scatters on it. Calculate the detection rate for neutrino scattering in events per day, if 10-6 of the solar neutrinos have a high enough energy to be detected by this experiment, and each electron poses a scattering cross section=10-43 cm. Hint: Consider the density of neutrino targets "seen" by an individual electron, with a relative velocity of c between the neutrinos and the electron, to obtain the rate at which one electron interacts with the incoming neutrinos, and multiply by the total number of electrons (I've already done this:…
Chapter 46 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers With Modern Physics
Ch. 46.2 - Prob. 46.1QQCh. 46.5 - Prob. 46.3QQCh. 46.5 - Prob. 46.4QQCh. 46.8 - Prob. 46.5QQCh. 46.8 - Prob. 46.6QQCh. 46 - Prob. 1OQCh. 46 - Prob. 2OQCh. 46 - Prob. 3OQCh. 46 - Prob. 4OQCh. 46 - Prob. 5OQ
Ch. 46 - Prob. 6OQCh. 46 - Prob. 7OQCh. 46 - Prob. 8OQCh. 46 - Prob. 1CQCh. 46 - Prob. 2CQCh. 46 - Prob. 3CQCh. 46 - Prob. 4CQCh. 46 - Prob. 5CQCh. 46 - Prob. 6CQCh. 46 - Prob. 7CQCh. 46 - Prob. 8CQCh. 46 - Prob. 9CQCh. 46 - Prob. 10CQCh. 46 - Prob. 11CQCh. 46 - Prob. 12CQCh. 46 - Prob. 13CQCh. 46 - Prob. 1PCh. 46 - Prob. 2PCh. 46 - Prob. 3PCh. 46 - Prob. 4PCh. 46 - Prob. 5PCh. 46 - Prob. 6PCh. 46 - Prob. 7PCh. 46 - Prob. 8PCh. 46 - Prob. 9PCh. 46 - Prob. 10PCh. 46 - Prob. 11PCh. 46 - Prob. 12PCh. 46 - Prob. 13PCh. 46 - Prob. 14PCh. 46 - Prob. 15PCh. 46 - Prob. 16PCh. 46 - Prob. 17PCh. 46 - Prob. 18PCh. 46 - Prob. 19PCh. 46 - Prob. 20PCh. 46 - Prob. 21PCh. 46 - Prob. 22PCh. 46 - Prob. 23PCh. 46 - Prob. 24PCh. 46 - Prob. 25PCh. 46 - Prob. 26PCh. 46 - Prob. 27PCh. 46 - Prob. 28PCh. 46 - Prob. 29PCh. 46 - Prob. 30PCh. 46 - Prob. 31PCh. 46 - Prob. 32PCh. 46 - Prob. 33PCh. 46 - Prob. 34PCh. 46 - Prob. 35PCh. 46 - Prob. 36PCh. 46 - Prob. 37PCh. 46 - Prob. 38PCh. 46 - Prob. 39PCh. 46 - Prob. 40PCh. 46 - Prob. 41PCh. 46 - Prob. 42PCh. 46 - Prob. 43PCh. 46 - Prob. 44PCh. 46 - The various spectral lines observed in the light...Ch. 46 - Prob. 47PCh. 46 - Prob. 48PCh. 46 - Prob. 49PCh. 46 - Prob. 50PCh. 46 - Prob. 51APCh. 46 - Prob. 52APCh. 46 - Prob. 53APCh. 46 - Prob. 54APCh. 46 - Prob. 55APCh. 46 - Prob. 56APCh. 46 - Prob. 57APCh. 46 - Prob. 58APCh. 46 - An unstable particle, initially at rest, decays...Ch. 46 - Prob. 60APCh. 46 - Prob. 61APCh. 46 - Prob. 62APCh. 46 - Prob. 63APCh. 46 - Prob. 64APCh. 46 - Prob. 65APCh. 46 - Prob. 66APCh. 46 - Prob. 67CPCh. 46 - Prob. 68CPCh. 46 - Prob. 69CPCh. 46 - Prob. 70CPCh. 46 - Prob. 71CPCh. 46 - Prob. 72CPCh. 46 - Prob. 73CP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- (a) Estimate the mass of the luminous matter in the known universe, given there are 1011 galaxies, each containing 1011 stars of average mass 1.5 times that of our Sun. (b) How many protons (the most abundant nuclide) are there in this mates? (c) Estimate the total number of particles in the observable universe by multiplying the answer to (b) by two, since there is an electron for each proton, and then by 109, since there are far more particles (such as photons and neutrinos) in space than in luminous matter.arrow_forwardThe power output of the Sun is 41026W. (a) If 90% of this is supplied by the protonproton cycle, how many protons are consumed per second? (b) How many neutrinos per second should there be per square meter at the Earth from this process? This huge number is indicative of how rarely a neutrino interacts, since large detectors observe very few per day.arrow_forwardIf the mass of the electron neutrino is 2.2 eV/c 2, what is the lowest temperature at which it could be formed from thermal interactions?arrow_forward
- If the mass of the electron neutrino is 2.2 eV/c2, what is the lowest temperature at which it could be formed from thermal interactions? What if its mass is 10-4 eV?arrow_forwardA new element has been created artificially. It is named Elementy McFacium. The most common isotope of McFacium has 153 protons and 277 neutrons. The mass of this isotope of the new element is 402,188.91 MeV/c^2. What is the total mass deficit for the nucleus? Hint: The new element is not made as an ion! Use the mass of hydrogen atoms instead of protons. (Answer in atomic mass units u)arrow_forwardThe half-lives of 235U and 238U are 7.04 × 108 years and 4.47 × 109 years, respectively, and the present abundance ratio is 238U>235U 5 137.7. It is thought that their abundance ratio was 1 at some time before our earth and solar system were formed about 4.5 × 109 years ago. Estimate how long ago the supernova occurred that supposedly produced all the uranium isotopes in equal abundance, including the two longest lived isotopes, 238U and 235U.arrow_forward
- + A positron with laboratory energy 50 GeV interacts with the atomic electrons in a lead target to produce µμ¯ pairs. If the cross-section for this process is given by o = 4ла² ħ²²/3(ECM)², calculate the positron's interaction length. The density of lead is p = 1.14 × 104 kg m¯ -3arrow_forwardProvide the answers in 90 minutes and count as 2 questions if necessary.arrow_forwardThe probability of two protons tunneling in the Sun's core is Ptunnel 1010. This means that out of each 1010 pairs of protons, one pair tunnels successfully. Make an estimate showing that this probability can account for the 1038 fusion reactions that take place each second in the Sun's core. Hint: Assume that the Sun's core contains about 40% of its mass.arrow_forward
- Calculate the nuclear binding energy for a helium-5 atom (isotopic mass = 5.012057 u), a sodium-22 atom (isotopic = 21.99443742 u), and a cobalt-60 atom (isotopic mass = 59.9338222 u) I will provide an example for this question. See the imagearrow_forwardA1arrow_forwardSr-90 (A=90, Z = 38) decays via B decay. Calculate the energy of the antineutrino (in keV) if the beta particle has a kinetic energy of (2.82x10^2) keV. %3D Note you can look the atomic masses up online or in the appendix of the textbook 1, Assume all the energy released are shared by the kinetic energy of the beta particle and antineutrino. Note: Your answer is assumed to be reduced to the highest power possible. Your Answer: х10 Answerarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...PhysicsISBN:9781337553292Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Modern PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781111794378Author:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. MoyerPublisher:Cengage Learning
College PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781938168000Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger HinrichsPublisher:OpenStax College
University Physics Volume 3PhysicsISBN:9781938168185Author:William Moebs, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStax
College PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781285737027Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...
Physics
ISBN:9781337553292
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Modern Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781111794378
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. Moyer
Publisher:Cengage Learning
College Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781938168000
Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs
Publisher:OpenStax College
University Physics Volume 3
Physics
ISBN:9781938168185
Author:William Moebs, Jeff Sanny
Publisher:OpenStax
College Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781285737027
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Cengage Learning