Biological Science
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321743671
Author: Scott Freeman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 45, Problem 3TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The spiracles are the valve-like structures present in the exoskeleton of insects, which can be opened or closed as per the requirement.
Expert Solution & Answer
Answer to Problem 3TYK
Correct answer:
The spiracles close off the tracheae to minimize the water loss in the insects.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation/Justification for the correct answer:
Option (d) is given that the function of the spiracles in the insects is to close the tracheae to regulate the loss of water from the body. Insects have adopted a different type of respiratory system called the tracheal system. The insects have tracheae (air-filled tubes) located within their bodies. These tubes are connected to the external environment through spiracles. The air moves into the spiracles from the environment. The air then moves inside the insect’s body through the tracheae. The closing of spiracles is controlled by the CNS (central nervous system) as well as the
Explanation for incorrect answers:
Option (a) is given that the spiracles dilate and constrict during flight or other types of movement, functioning as a breathing mechanism in the insects. The spiracles do not dilate and constrict during flight or other movements of the insect only. They dilate and constrict even when the insect relaxes. So, it is a wrong answer.
Option (b) is given that the spiracles open into the body cavity, allowing direct contact between hemolymph and tissues in the insects. The spiracles do not open into the body cavity. These are the openings present on the outer surface. So, it is a wrong answer.
Option (c) is given that in the insects, the spiracles are thin and highly branched, offering a large surface area for the exchange of gases. In the insects, the trachea is highly branched structure and not the spiracles, which provide a large surface area for gas exchange. So, it is a wrong answer.
Hence, options (a), (b), and (c) are incorrect.
Conclusion
Thus, the closing of the spiracles closes the tracheae and it minimizes the water loss from the insect’s body.
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