Physics for Scientists and Engineers With Modern Physics
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781133953982
Author: SERWAY, Raymond A./
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 45, Problem 37P
To determine
The temperature rise in the body.
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Calculate the effective radiation dosage (in Sieverts) for a 81-kg person who is exposed to 1.9 x 109 particles of alpha radiation. Assume that 79% of the radiation is absorbed, each alpha particle has an energy of 6.2 x 10-13 J, and that the RBE of the alpha particles is 15. Note that RBE is sometimes called the quality factor, abbreviated as Q.
Four radiation doses are as follows: Dose A is 0.10 Gy with an RBE of 1, dose B is 0.20 Gy with an RBE of 1, dose C is 0.10 Gy with an RBE of 2, and dose D is 0.20 Gy with an RBE of 2. a. Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the amount of energy delivered by these four doses. b. Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the biological damage caused by these four doses.
Calculate the radiation dosage (in grays) for an 81-kg person that is exposed for 9.0 seconds to a 3.0 Ci source of beta radiation. Assume that 100% of the radiation is absorbed and each beta particle has an energy of 1.4 ×× 10-13 J.
Chapter 45 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers With Modern Physics
Ch. 45.1 - When a nucleus undergoes fission, the two daughter...Ch. 45.2 - Prob. 45.2QQCh. 45.3 - Prob. 45.3QQCh. 45.4 - Prob. 45.4QQCh. 45 - Prob. 1OQCh. 45 - Prob. 2OQCh. 45 - Prob. 3OQCh. 45 - Prob. 4OQCh. 45 - Prob. 5OQCh. 45 - Prob. 6OQ
Ch. 45 - Prob. 7OQCh. 45 - Prob. 8OQCh. 45 - Prob. 9OQCh. 45 - Prob. 1CQCh. 45 - Prob. 2CQCh. 45 - Prob. 3CQCh. 45 - Prob. 4CQCh. 45 - Prob. 5CQCh. 45 - Prob. 6CQCh. 45 - Prob. 7CQCh. 45 - Prob. 8CQCh. 45 - Prob. 1PCh. 45 - Prob. 2PCh. 45 - Prob. 3PCh. 45 - Prob. 4PCh. 45 - Prob. 5PCh. 45 - Prob. 6PCh. 45 - Prob. 7PCh. 45 - Prob. 8PCh. 45 - Prob. 9PCh. 45 - Prob. 10PCh. 45 - Prob. 11PCh. 45 - Prob. 12PCh. 45 - Prob. 13PCh. 45 - Prob. 14PCh. 45 - Prob. 15PCh. 45 - Prob. 16PCh. 45 - Prob. 18PCh. 45 - Prob. 19PCh. 45 - Prob. 20PCh. 45 - Prob. 21PCh. 45 - Prob. 22PCh. 45 - Prob. 23PCh. 45 - Prob. 24PCh. 45 - Prob. 25PCh. 45 - Prob. 26PCh. 45 - Prob. 27PCh. 45 - Prob. 28PCh. 45 - Prob. 29PCh. 45 - Prob. 30PCh. 45 - Prob. 31PCh. 45 - Prob. 32PCh. 45 - Prob. 33PCh. 45 - Prob. 34PCh. 45 - Prob. 35PCh. 45 - Prob. 36PCh. 45 - Prob. 37PCh. 45 - Prob. 41PCh. 45 - Prob. 42PCh. 45 - Prob. 43PCh. 45 - Prob. 44PCh. 45 - Prob. 45PCh. 45 - Prob. 46APCh. 45 - Prob. 47APCh. 45 - Prob. 48APCh. 45 - Prob. 49APCh. 45 - Prob. 51APCh. 45 - Prob. 52APCh. 45 - Prob. 53APCh. 45 - Prob. 54APCh. 45 - Prob. 55APCh. 45 - Prob. 56APCh. 45 - Prob. 57APCh. 45 - Prob. 58APCh. 45 - Prob. 59APCh. 45 - Prob. 60APCh. 45 - Prob. 61APCh. 45 - Prob. 62APCh. 45 - Prob. 63APCh. 45 - Prob. 64APCh. 45 - Prob. 65APCh. 45 - Prob. 66APCh. 45 - Prob. 67APCh. 45 - Prob. 68APCh. 45 - Prob. 69APCh. 45 - Prob. 70APCh. 45 - Prob. 71APCh. 45 - Prob. 72APCh. 45 - Prob. 73AP
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- Calculate the dose in Sv to the chest at a patient given an xray under the following conditions. The xray beam intensity is 1.50 W/m2, the area of the chest exposed is 0.0750 m2 35.0% of the xrays are absorbed in 20.0 kg of tissue, and the exposure time is 0.250 s.arrow_forwardWhat is the dose in mSv for: (a) a 0.1 Gy xray? (b) 2.5 mGy of neutron exposure to the eye? (c) 1.5 mGy of exposure?arrow_forwardA Geiger–Muller tube is a type of gas‑filled radiation detector. It can detect particles like X‑rays, alpha particles, and beta rays (electrons). This is useful in quantizing the activity of a radioactive source or determining if an area containing radioactive material is safe to enter. If a Geiger counter is filled with 1 mol of argon gas at pressure ?=9502 Pa and temperature ?=22.2 ∘C,T=22.2 ∘C, what is the density ? of the gas in this Geiger tube in grams per cubic centimeter? The atomic mass of argon is ?Ar=39.948 g/mol.arrow_forward
- A 70-kg worker is accidentally exposed for 2.0 minutes to a 21-mCi source of beta radiation from a sample of strontium-90. (a) What is the activity of the radiation source in cps?(b) Suppose that each beta particle has an energy of 0.547 MeV (1 MeV = 1.609 x 10-13 J) and 45% of the radiation is absorbed. Assuming that the absorbed radiation is spread over the person’s entire body,calculate the absorbed dose in rads and in grays. (c) If the beta particles has an RBE of 1.0, what is the effective absorbed dose in mrem and in sieverts?arrow_forwardA passenger on an airplane flying across the Atlantic receives an extra radiation dose of about 5μSv per hour from cosmic rays. How many hours of flying would it take in one year for a person to double his or her yearly radiation dose? Assume there are no other significant radiation sources besides natural background.arrow_forwardDuring a 2-h period of radiation therapy, alpha radiation is deposited into a patient's body at a rate of 3.3 x 10-8 J/s. What effective dose does the 59-kg patient receive? (Units: mSv) Use the following table of RBEs. Radiation type RBE X-rays 1 Gamma rays 1 Electrons 1 Protons 2 Alpha particles 20arrow_forward
- Q7arrow_forwardA 208-rad dose of radiation is administered to a patient in an effort to combat a cancerous growth. Assume that all of the energy deposited is absorbed by the growth. (Use 4186 J/kg · °C for the specific heat of water.) (a) Calculate the amount of energy delivered per unit mass. (b) Assuming the growth has a mass of 0.25 kg and a specific heat equal to that of water, calculate its temperature rise.arrow_forwardEquivalent Dose = Absorbed Dose x Radiation weighting factor HT = DX WR re some Radiation weighting factors: ation Tyne Radiation weighting factor (Wol RBE - Dose of standard radiation required to produce an effect (Dref) Dose of radiation being tested to produce the SAME effect (Dr) RBE = Dref Dr Definition of Exposure . • • • The interaction of radiation waves with particles of air results in charged ions. Exposure is defined as the quantity of charged ions per unit mass of air. E = m Unit of exposure is Ckg1 (coulomb per kilogram) E is exposure Q is the quantity of charge on the ions (Coulomb, C) m is the unit mass of air (Kilograms, kg)arrow_forward
- It has become popular for some people to have yearly whole-body scans (CT scans, formerly called CAT scans) using x rays, just to see if they detect anything suspicious. A number of medical people have recently questioned the advisability of such scans, due in part to the radiation they impart. Typically, one such scan gives a dose of 12 mSv, applied to the whole body. By contrast, a chest x ray typically administers 0.20 mSv to only 5.0 kg of tissue. How many chest x rays would deliver the same total amount of energy to the body of a 75 kg person as one whole-body scan?arrow_forwardAn organic sample of mass 4.00 kg absorbs 2.00 mJ via slow neutron radiation (RBE=5).What is the dose equivalent (mSv)?arrow_forwardA gamma scan showing the active volume of a patient’s lungs can be created by having a patient breathe the radioactive isotope 133Xe, which undergoesbeta-minus decay with a subsequent gamma emission from the daughter nucleus. A typical procedure gives a dose of 3.0 mSv to the lungs. How muchenergy is deposited in the 1.2 kg mass of a patient’s lungs?arrow_forward
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