Michelle Khan and her co-workers published their findings on a 10-year study in cervical cancer incidence and human papilloma virus status in 20,514 women in 2003. They gave a graph for their results. The group that has women infected with both HPV16 and HPV18 is to be analyzed. Given: The graphical representation of the study conducted by Michelle and her co-workers: The key for the graph is given below. Introduction: Cervical cancer is a cancer of cervical cells in the uterus. It is mostly caused by the Human Papilloma Virus, which is sexually transmitted. Sexually active women are at a greater risk of getting infected by this virus. All the strains of HPV do not cause cervical cancer. Two strains of HPV—HPV16 and HPV18—cause cervical cancer, out of the 100 known strains.

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Ch.23 How is Salmonella able to cross from the intestines into the blood? A. it is so small that it can squeeze between intestinal cells B. it secretes a toxin that induces its uptake into intestinal epithelial cells C. it secretes enzymes that create perforations in the intestine D. it can get into the blood only if the bacteria are deposited directly there, that is, through a puncture — Which virus is associated with liver cancer? A. hepatitis A B. hepatitis B C. hepatitis C D. both hepatitis B and C — explain your answer thoroughly

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Chapter 45, Problem 2ITD

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

Michelle Khan and her co-workers published their findings on a 10-year study in cervical cancer incidence and human papilloma virus status in 20,514 women in 2003. They gave a graph for their results. The group that has women infected with both HPV16 and HPV18 is to be analyzed.

Given:

The graphical representation of the study conducted by Michelle and her co-workers:

The key for the graph is given below.

Introduction:

Cervical cancer is a cancer of cervical cells in the uterus. It is mostly caused by the Human Papilloma Virus, which is sexually transmitted. Sexually active women are at a greater risk of getting infected by this virus. All the strains of HPV do not cause cervical cancer. Two strains of HPV—HPV16 and HPV18—cause cervical cancer, out of the 100 known strains.

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Ch.23 How is Salmonella able to cross from the intestines into the blood? A. it is so small that it can squeeze between intestinal cells B. it secretes a toxin that induces its uptake into intestinal epithelial cells C. it secretes enzymes that create perforations in the intestine D. it can get into the blood only if the bacteria are deposited directly there, that is, through a puncture — Which virus is associated with liver cancer? A. hepatitis A B. hepatitis B C. hepatitis C D. both hepatitis B and C — explain your answer thoroughly

Ch.21 What causes patients infected with the yellow fever virus to turn yellow (jaundice)? A. low blood pressure and anemia B. excess leukocytes C. alteration of skin pigments D. liver damage in final stage of disease — What is the advantage for malarial parasites to grow and replicate in red blood cells? A. able to spread quickly B. able to avoid immune detection C. low oxygen environment for growth D. cooler area of the body for growth — Which microbe does not live part of its lifecycle outside humans? A. Toxoplasma gondii B. Cytomegalovirus C. Francisella tularensis D. Plasmodium falciparum — explain your answer thoroughly

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