The plane of symmetry, if any, is to be located in the given compounds and they are to be identified as chiral or achiral. Concept introduction: A chiral carbon atom is attached to four different atoms or groups of atoms. In case of cyclic compounds, the chirality center is the carbon which is attached to two different groups, and the sequence of atoms around the ring from that carbon in clockwise direction must be different than that in counter clockwise direction. A plane of symmetry bisects a molecule in two equal halves, which are mirror images of each other. If a molecule possesses a center of symmetry or a plane of symmetry, it is superimposable on its mirror image. Then it is known to be an achiral molecule. If a molecule has at least one chiral carbon atom and no elements of symmetry, then it is known to be a chiral molecule.

Question

A chemical engineer is studying the two reactions shown in the table below. In each case, she fills a reaction vessel with some mixture of the reactants and products at a constant temperature of 70.0 °C and constant total pressure. Then, she measures the reaction enthalpy AH and reaction entropy AS of the first reaction, and the reaction enthalpy AH and reaction free energy AG of the second reaction. The results of her measurements are shown in the table. Complete the table. That is, calculate AG for the first reaction and AS for the second. (Round your answer to zero decimal places.) Then, decide whether, under the conditions the engineer has set up, the reaction is spontaneous, the reverse reaction is spontaneous, or neither forward nor reverse reaction is spontaneous because the system is at equilibrium. - P₁ (s) + 20HF (g). 4PF, (g) + 10H2(g) AH-1005. kJ J AS 2929. K AG = 0 kJ Which is spontaneous? this reaction the reverse reaction neither AH = 12. kJ +0= AS = SnO2 (s) + 2CO(g) →…

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 4.3, Problem 3P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The plane of symmetry, if any, is to be located in the given compounds and they are to be identified as chiral or achiral.

Concept introduction:

A chiral carbon atom is attached to four different atoms or groups of atoms.

In case of cyclic compounds, the chirality center is the carbon which is attached to two different groups, and the sequence of atoms around the ring from that carbon in clockwise direction must be different than that in counter clockwise direction.

A plane of symmetry bisects a molecule in two equal halves, which are mirror images of each other.

If a molecule possesses a center of symmetry or a plane of symmetry, it is superimposable on its mirror image. Then it is known to be an achiral molecule.

If a molecule has at least one chiral carbon atom and no elements of symmetry, then it is known to be a chiral molecule.

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