Concept explainers
INTERPRET THE DATA Draw a simplified global water cycle showing ocean, land, atmosphere, and runoff from the land to the ocean. (a) Label your drawing with these annual water fiuxes: ocean evaporation, 425 km2: ocean evaporation that returns to the ocean as precipitation, 365 km2; ocean evaporation that falls as precipitation on land, 40 km2; evapotranspiration from plants and soil that falls as precipitation on land, 70 km2; runoff to the oceans, 40 km2. (b) What is the ratio of ocean evaporation that falls as precipitation on land compared with runoff from land to the oceans? (c) How would this ratio change during an ice age and why?
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 42 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (8th Edition)
Biology: Concepts and Investigations
Microbiology: An Introduction
Human Physiology
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
- A city’s sewage outfall flows 40 ft3/s of sewage with a BOD concentration of 30 mg/L anda DO of 1.5 mg / L into a small river that has a flow rate of 280 ft3/s and a velocity of 1.1 ft /s.The river has a natural BOD of 3.5 mg/L and at this time of year the DO level is 7 mg/L. Giventhe water temperature this time of year the DO saturation is 8.5 mg / L. Given a deoxygenationcoefficient of 0.59 day-1 and a rearation coefficient of 0.70 day-1, answer the following:a. what is the basic assumption we make regarded the mixing of waste into the river?b. calculate Do amd Lo just downstream from the outfallc. calculate the tiem and distance when DO is a minimumd. calculate the minimum DOe. Find the DO 10 miles downstream.arrow_forwardA river reached a flood that was passing through it. At a given instant, the storage of water in the reach was estimated as 20 Ha-m. What would be the storage in the reach after an interval of 3 hours, if the average inflow and outflow during the time period are 15 cubic meter per second and 10 cubic meter per second, respectively?arrow_forwardMatch the pro or con with the correct source of freshwater. Accessible all year [ [ Choose ] [ Choose ] Surface water Directly dependent on snow melt and precipitation rates Ground water Generally easier to access [ Choose ] Once polluted, it's almost impossible to clean [ Choose ] up nere to search 近arrow_forward
- Describe how density of the water column changes with depth in BOTH a stable and an unstable water column.arrow_forwardWhat are the two key concepts for this section?Define freshwater. Explain why access to water is ahealth issue, an economic issue, a national and globalsecurity issue, and an environmental issue. Whatpercentage of the earth’s freshwater is available to us?Explain how water is recycled by the hydrologic cycleand how human activities can interfere with thiscycle. Define groundwater, zone of saturation,water table, aquifer, surface water, surface runoff, and watershed basinarrow_forwardOther than precipitation, discuss how two other parts of water cycle are influenced by droughts. Why can/can’t the answer be evaporation, transpiration and condensation?arrow_forward
- What role do oceans play in the water cycle? They are the main site for water infiltration into the soil, supporting underground aquifers and maintaining soil moisture levels They primarily act as a storage reservoir for groundwater and contribute minimally to atmospheric moisture They serve as the primary source of evaporation, which contributes to the formation of clouds and precipitation They absorb water vapor directly from the atmosphere and help regulate global humidity levelsarrow_forwardLocation: Australia Precipitation and Temperature ranges Determine the maximum and minimum monthly precipitation amounts and temperatures What producers are found in Australian Desert?? List at leas 3arrow_forwardPress the hotspot in the diagram of the water cycle below that indi- cates an exchange pool. CONDENSATION PRECIPITATION EVAPORATION CLACIER TRANSPIRATION OCEAN STREAH aveLAKE CRO WATER All Changes Saved Continue 2 Total Questions Answered 5:20 AN 5/8/202arrow_forward
- Where is the discharge in this photo? A discharge is: The flow or pumping of water from the ground; the opposite of recharge.arrow_forwardDescribe the characteristics of the California Current? What type of current is it? What type of current has the opposite characteristics and what are they? How does upwelling occur? What is the impact of upwelling on primary productivity? Why?arrow_forwardExplain how streams can cleanse themselves andhow these cleansing processes can be overwhelmed.What is wastewater? Describe the state of streampollution in more- and less-developed countries.Give two reasons why lakes cannot cleanse themselves as readily as streams can. Distinguish betweeneutrophication and cultural eutrophication. Listways to prevent or reduce cultural eutrophication.Explain why groundwater cannot cleanse itself verywell. What are the major sources of groundwatercontamination in the United States? List ways to prevent or clean up groundwater contamination. Listsome ways to purify drinking water. Describe the environmental problems caused by the widespread useof bottled water.arrow_forward