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a.
To determine:
The mode of inheritance of signed and purple.
Introduction:
Genotypic is the genetic constitution of an individual organism, “Drosophila melanogaster”. The drosophila is a genus of flies, belonging to the family of “drosophilidae”, and phylum “Arthropoda”. It is also known by the name of fruit fly.
a.
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Explanation of Solution
When homozygous flies singed and purple and homozygous flies for normal bristle and eye color are crossed F1 progeny produced,
In cross I is 420 female, normal bristles, red eyes and 426 male, normal bristles, red eyes
F2 progeny produced:
“337 female, normal bristles, red eyes
113 female, normal bristles, purple eyes
168 male, normal bristles, red eyes
170 male, singed bristles, red eyes
56 male, normal bristles, purple eyes
58 male, singed bristles, purple eyes”
Cross II: When female, singed bristles, purple eyes crossed with male, normal bristles, red eyes then F1 progeny produced is:
504 female, normal bristles, red eyes and 498 male, singed bristles, red eyes.
F2 Progeny produced:
“227 female, normal bristles, red eyes
223 female, singed bristles, red eyes
225 male, normal bristles, red eyes
225 male, singed bristles, red eyes
78 female, normal bristles, purple eyes
76 female, singed bristles, purple eyes
74 male, normal bristles, purple eyes
72 male, singed bristles, purple eyes”
In cross I, F1 progeny has normal bristle it mean that allele for singed bristles s is recessive to normal bristles allele S. but in the cross II F1 progeny female is having normal bristles and male is having singed bristles, it mean that it is an X-linked trait. So the mode of inheritance in signed is X-linked.
In cross I, F1 progeny has all red eyes that mean allele for purple eyes p is recessive to the allele for red color of eye P. in both the cross I and II, color of the eye is red. Hence it is an autosomal trait, so the mode of inheritance is autosomal.
b.
To determine:
The genotype of parent and offspring in the P, F1 and F2 generation of cross I and II.
Introduction:
Genotypic is the genetic constitution of an individual organism, “Drosophila melanogaster”. The drosophila is a genus of flies, belonging to the family of “drosophilidae”, and phylum “Arthropoda”. It also known by the name of fruit fly.
b.
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Explanation of Solution
Pictorial representation:
Fig 1. Showing cross I, F1 and F2 between males with homozygous allele for singed bristles (XsY) and purple eyes (pp) and female with homozygous allele for normal bristles (X+X+ ) and red eyes (PP)
Fig 1: genotype of F1 and F2
Fig 2: Showing cross II, F1 and F2 between males with homozygous allele for normal bristles (XsY) and red eyes (PP) and female with homozygous allele for singed bristles (XsXs ) and purple eyes (pp)
Fig 2: genotype of F1 and F2
To determine the genotype of cross I and II, first assume the symbol for the genes.
For bristles: this X-linked trait so dominant allele will be X+ for normal bristles and for recessive allele will be Xs for singed bristle.
For color of eyes: this is autosomal mode of inheritance, so its dominant allele p, will be normal red eye color a recessive allele p will be purple eye color.
In cross I, P generation of males with homozygous allele for singed bristles (XsY) and purple eyes (pp) and female with homozygous allele for normal bristles (X+X+ ) and red eyes (PP) are crossed as shown in fig 1.
F1 Generation of cross I genotype:
337 female, normal bristles, red eyes: XsX+ PP, X+Xs PP, X+X+ Pp and X+Xs Pp
113 female, normal bristles, purple eyes: X+X+ pp and X+Xs pp
168 male, normal bristles, red eyes: X+Y PP and X+Y Pp
170 male, singed bristles, red eyes: XsY PP and XsY Pp
56 male, normal bristles, purple eyes: X+Y pp
58 male, singed bristles, purple eyes:XsY pp.
In cross II, P generation of males with homozygous allele for normal bristles (XsY) and red eyes (PP) and female with homozygous allele for singed bristles (XsXs ) and purple eyes (pp) are crossed as shown in fig 2.
F2 Generation of cross II genotype:
227 female, normal bristles, red eyes: X+XsPP and X+XsPp
223 female singed bristles, red eyes: XsXsPP and XsXsPp
225 male, normal bristles, red eyes: X+YPP and X+Y Pp
225 male, singed bristles, red eyes: XsYPP and XsY Pp
78 female, normal bristles, purple eyes: X+Xspp
76 female singed bristles, purple eyes: XsXspp
74 male, normal bristles, purple eyes:X+Y pp
72 male, singed bristles, purple eyes: XsY pp
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