
Concept explainers
Introduction: The nervous system can be defined as the system comprising of neurons and fibers that aid in the transmission of nerve impulses across various parts of the body. The nervous system contributes in the maintenance of control and coordination in the body.

Answer to Problem 1TY
Correct answer: In vertebrates, the brain and the spinal cord constitute the central nervous system. Hence, the correct answer is option c.
Explanation of Solution
Reason for correct answer:
The central nervous system is the nervous system that includes the brain and the spinal cord. The central nervous system is responsible for carrying out nearly all the functions related to the body.
Option c is given as “the central nervous system”.
The brain and the spinal cord together make up the central nervous system. Hence, the correct answer is option c.
Reasons for incorrect answer:
Option a is given as, “the peripheral nervous system”.
The peripheral nervous system comprises of the cranial nerves and spinal nerves. The brain and spinal cord are not a part of it. Hence, option a is incorrect.
Option b is given as, “the efferent division of the nervous system”.
The efferent neurons do not form any system rather they are only responsible for carrying information from the brain and spinal cord to the different organs. Hence, option b is incorrect.
Option d is given as, “the autonomic nervous system”.
The autonomic nervous system is a part of the peripheral nervous system. In vertebrates, brain and the spinal cord do not constitute the autonomic nervous system. Hence, option c is incorrect.
Option e is given as, “the central and peripheral nervous system”.
The central nervous system comprises of the brain and the spinal cord. They are not a part of the peripheral nervous system. Hence, option e is incorrect.
Hence, the options a, b, d, and e are incorrect.
In vertebrates, the central nervous system is made up of brain and the spinal cord.
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Chapter 42 Solutions
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