Chapter 42, Problem 1Q

(a)

To determine

Find the unknown nuclei in the given reaction.

Answer to Problem 1Q

The unknown nuclei in the given reaction is ${}_{56}^{138}\text{Ba}$.

Explanation of Solution

The given reaction is,

    $\text{n}{+}_{56}^{137}\text{Ba}\to ?+\gamma$

In the given reaction the reactants have 56 protons and 138 nucleons which means 82 neutrons. Thus the product must have 56 proton and 138 nucleons. Therefore the unknown product must have 56 proton and 82 neutron. Then the unknown product is ${}_{56}^{138}\text{Ba}$.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the unknown nuclei in the given reaction is ${}_{56}^{138}\text{Ba}$.

(b)

To determine

Find the unknown nuclei in the given reaction.

Answer to Problem 1Q

The unknown nuclei in the given reaction is $p{\text{ or }}_1^1\text{H}$.

Explanation of Solution

The given reaction is,

    $\text{n}{+}_{56}^{137}\text{Ba}{\to }_{55}^{137}\text{Cs}+?$

In the given reaction the reactants have 56 protons and 138 nucleons which means 82 neutrons. Thus the product must have 56 proton and 138 nucleons. Therefore the unknown product must have 1 proton and 0 neutron. Then the unknown product is $p{\text{ or }}_1^1\text{H}$.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the unknown nuclei in the given reaction is $p{\text{ or }}_1^1\text{H}$.

(c)

To determine

Find the unknown nuclei in the given reaction.

Answer to Problem 1Q

The unknown nuclei in the given reaction is $\gamma$.

Explanation of Solution

The given reaction is,

    $\text{d}{+}_1^2\text{H}{\to }_2^4\text{He}+?$

In the given reaction the reactants have 2 protons and 4 nucleons which means 2 neutrons. Thus the product must have 2 proton and 4 nucleons. Therefore the unknown product must have 0 proton and 0 neutron. Then the unknown product is $\gamma$.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the unknown nuclei in the given reaction is $\gamma$.

(d)

To determine

Find the unknown nuclei in the given reaction.

Answer to Problem 1Q

The unknown nuclei in the given reaction is ${}_{80}^{199}\text{Hg}$.

Explanation of Solution

The given reaction is,

    $\alpha {+}_{79}^{197}\text{Au}\to ?+\text{d}$

In the given reaction the reactants have 81 protons and 201 nucleons which means 120 neutrons. Thus the product must have 81 proton and 201 nucleons. Therefore the unknown product must have 80 proton and 119 neutron. Then the unknown product is ${}_{80}^{199}\text{Hg}$.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the unknown nuclei in the given reaction is ${}_{80}^{199}\text{Hg}$.