Biology
Biology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321794260
Author: Audesirk, Teresa/ Audesirk
Publisher: Pearson College Div
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Chapter 42, Problem 1FIB
Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The fertilization process takes place when the sperm from the male fertilizes the female oocyte in the uterus of the egg. It leads to the formation of the zygote which later develops to form the embryo.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Answer to Problem 1FIB

Correct answer:

A fertilized egg, also called a zygote, is a very large cell. One of the first events of animal development is the division of this cell, a process called cleavage, to produce a solid ball of much smaller cell, the morula. Soon a cavity opens in this ball of cells, producing a hollow ball called the blastula or blastocyst. Movements of cells in this hollow ball during gastrulation produce the three embryonic tissue layers, the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm.

Explanation of Solution

Zygote is formed after the egg is fertilized by the sperm. The division and cleavage of the zygote forms a morula. The continuous division of cells forms a hollow cavity of  blastocyst. The process of gastrulation begins at the blastopore site. The cells migrate from the outer surface to the inside of the cell forming the blastula. The three layers of ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. The endodermis layer forms the digestive tract, hairs and skin cells are formed from the ectoderm layer, muscles, skeletal system and circulatory system are formed from the mesoderm layer of the cells.

Conclusion

The formation of embryo from the fertilized egg involves several steps like formation of zygote, morula, gastrula, blastula, and various layers of ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm.

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