CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS-W/MASTR.BIO.
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134875040
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 41.4, Problem 3CC
WHAT IF? Based on MacArthur and Wilson’s island equilibrium model, how would you expect the richness of birds on islands to compare with the richness of snakes and lizards? Explain.
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Students have asked these similar questions
. Simulations 4-6 had lower density of birds (more spacing), how did this influence their ability to escape predation? With more spacing, which number of Junco’s was most advantageous (4, 8, and 16)? Ecologically explain this result.
If this flock of birds occurred in an area with low food availability what flock density would you predict? Explain how food availability impacts flock size/competition.
Was there a relationship between prop. Vigilance (proportion of birds looking up right before Hawk attack) and the rate at which they escaped predation?
Was there a relationship between Mean vigilance (average number of birds looking up each tick) and the rate at which the Junco’s the escaped predation? Was there a relationship between Mean vigilance and the number of birds in the flock?
8.
Think about a predator-prey system that perfectly follows Lotka-Volterra dynamics.
The search efficiency parameter (a) represents how quickly the predator finds and
kills its prey. What would happen if most the predator population had a parasite that
made them less effective predators? Infected animals find and kill prey less
frequently (that is, the parasite caused the value of the search efficiency parameter
to decline).
the populations would still cycle; the amplitude of prey and predator would
increase
Othe populations would no longer cycle; the prey would increase and the predator
would go extinct
the populations would no longer cycle; the prey would go extinct and the
predator would increase
the populations would still cycle; the amplitude of prey and predator would
decline
the predator and prey populations would no longer cycle; the parasite and the
predator populations would cycle instead
Chapter 41 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS-W/MASTR.BIO.
Ch. 41.1 - Explain how interspecific competition, predation,...Ch. 41.1 - According to the principle of competitive...Ch. 41.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Figure 22.13 illustrates how a...Ch. 41.2 - What two components contribute to species...Ch. 41.2 - How is a food chain different from a food web?Ch. 41.2 - WHAT IF? Consider a grassland with five trophic...Ch. 41.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Rising atmospheric CO2 levels...Ch. 41.3 - Why do high and low levels of disturbance usually...Ch. 41.3 - During succession, how might the early species...Ch. 41.3 - WHAT IF? Most prairies experience regular fires,...
Ch. 41.4 - Describe two hypotheses that explain why species...Ch. 41.4 - Describe how an islands size and distance from the...Ch. 41.4 - WHAT IF? Based on MacArthur and Wilsons island...Ch. 41.5 - What are pathogens?Ch. 41.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 41 - The feeding relationships among the species in a...Ch. 41 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 41 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 41 - Community 1 contains 100 individuals distributed...Ch. 41 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 41 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY An ecologist studying plants in...Ch. 41 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Explain why adaptations of...Ch. 41 - FOCUS ON INFORMATION In Bateslan mimicry, a...Ch. 41 - Prob. 9TYU
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- Discuss the pros and cons,in energetic terms,of (i) being a generalist as opposed to a specialist predator, and (ii) being a sit–and –wait predator as opposed to an active forager?arrow_forwardWRITE ABOUT A THEME: INTERACTIONS In Batesianmimicry, a palatable species gains protection by mimickingan unpalatable one. Imagine that individuals of a palatable,brightly colored fly species are blown to three remote islands.The first island has no predators of that species; the second haspredators but no similarly colored, unpalatable species; and thethird has both predators and a similarly colored, unpalatablespecies. In a short essay (100–150 words), predict what mighthappen to the coloration of the palatable species on each islandthrough time if coloration is a genetically controlled trait.Explain your predictionsarrow_forwardIs this correct??? or is it the other way aroundarrow_forward
- The relationship between predator and prey populations has been studied by computer simulation using equations which form part of a mathematical model devised by Lotka and Volterra. The data in Table 6.10 show the results of such a simulation when the prey population begins with 20 individuals and the predator population begins with six individuals. 1.Explain why the peaks in the predator population occur after those in the prey population. 2. This simulation assumes one prey species and one predator species in an imaginary ecosystem and is based on mathematical equations. Why is it likely to be too simplistic to describe accurately what happens in nature?arrow_forwardWhat would you conclude after comparing the survivorship of the ground squirrel and the finch? Multiple Choice Both have very large numbers of offspring. Both die primarily of old age. Both suffer high predation throughout the lifespan. They represent different survivorship types.arrow_forwardEndler (1980) set up two experiments, one in the greenhouse and one in the field to test the influences of mate choice and predation in determining colorfulness of male guppies. Identify the roles of mate choice and predation in determining colorfulness of male guppies. Identify the advantage and shortcomings of the greenhouse experiments. Identify the advantages and shortcomings of field experiments along the Aripo River. Identify other factors, especially physical and chemical factors, might influence male color.arrow_forward
- Given the food web below where predator preferences are indicated using strong (thick arrow) and weak (think arrow) interactions, and the competition coefficients provided, indicate which relationship between predator density and prey diversity you would expect. A Food web Predator Predator density Predator density Prey 1 Prey 2 Prey 3 Competition coefficients a12 = 0.6 a21 = 0.1 a31 = 0.1 a13 = 1.2 a23 = 1.2 az2 = 0.2 Predator density Predator density A В Previous Next 7:50 AM o search 日 29°F Clear ENG 11/4/2021 Prey diversity Prey diversity Prey diversity Prey diversityarrow_forwardWhy B is wrong?arrow_forwardWith respect to the Lotka-Volterra predator-prey model, which of the following statements is most likely true? Under this model, it is possible for a predator to drive its prey to extinction. All of the statements are true. Non of the statements is true. This model predicts neutrally-stable predator-prey cycles, as opposed to a stable equilibrium. O In this model, an increase in searching efficiency (a) will increase the maximum prey population.arrow_forward
- Please do by handarrow_forward#1 onlyarrow_forwardR The bat species will not overlap in their distribution on the island because competition will have resulted in random extinction on each side of the island. Submit Q10. On an adventure to a faraway place, you discover two previously unknown species of woozle. You notice that purple woozles live on the ground and orange woozles live high up in the trees. You gather up all of the purple woozles (they're easier to catch) and take them to a zoo. The next year, when you return to gather up the orange woozles, you find that they now live on the ground as well as in the trees. Based on what you know about niches and competition, which of the following is TRUE? Competition between purple and orange woozles cannot be responsible for where you found them on the island. The fundamental niches of orange woozles does not include ground habitat. On the ground, purple woozles are probably better competitors than orange woozles. F5 5 Submit T G F6 B O A4 6 F7 H N F8 & 7 2 с F9 * 8 3 DELL - F10 K…arrow_forward
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