EBK PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY
2nd Edition
ISBN: 8220103675338
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: YUZU
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Question
Chapter 41, Problem 1TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The pressure of the blood within the arteries is known asblood pressure. It is generated mainly by the contraction of the muscle of the heart. The measurement of blood pressure is recorded by 2 numbers. The first is systolic pressure which is deliberated after the contraction of the heart is the highest. The second is diastolic pressure which is deliberated before the contraction of the heart is the lowest. A normal blood pressure level of a human being is 120/80 mmHg. It is measured by the instrument called a sphygmomanometer.
Expert Solution & Answer
Answer to Problem 1TY
The correct answer is option (d) by activating the baroreceptor reflex.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation/justification for the correct answer:
Option (d) by activating the baroreceptor reflex. The baroreceptor reflex responds very rapidly during changes in blood pressure. A reduction in blood pressure reduces baroreflex activation and causes the heart rate to rise and blood pressure levels to be restored. So, this is the correct option.
Explanation for incorrect answer:
Option (a) by increasing the saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen. Breathe becomes rapid and deeper, thereby maximizing the saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen which leads to the thoracic-abdominal pump mechanism. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (b) by helping to increase the return of blood from veins to the heart. If the pressure of blood in veins gets increased, the flow of blood in arteries also increases. This results in high blood pressure. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (c) by increasing the heart rate. By increasing heart rate, the restoration of blood pressure does not contribute because the heart can also beat more times in a minute. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (e) by the Bohr Effect. The observations that enhance the partial pressure of blood carbon dioxide or reduce in blood pH are the result of a reduced affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen is the Bohr Effect. So, this is an incorrect option.
Conclusion
The respiratory system contributes to the restoration of blood pressure by activation of the baroreceptor reflex. Hence, the correct answer is an option (d) by activating the baroreceptor reflex.
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