Concepts of Programming Languages (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133943023
Author: Robert W. Sebesta
Publisher: PEARSON
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Expert Solution & Answer
Chapter 4, Problem 9RQ
Explanation of Solution
Differences between top-down and bottom-up parsers:
The differences between top-down and bottom-up parsers are as follows:
- Top down parser and bottom up parser differ in the way in which a parse tree is built. We know that a tree contains a special node called root which specifies the entry to the tree, some internal nodes and terminal nodes called leaves.
- If the parser starts building the tree from root (top), gradually expands down from root to leaves (ends at down part) it is the top-down approach and such a parser is called top-down parser.
- If the parser starts from leaf nodes(from down) and slowly builds up towards the root node, then the approach is called bottom up parsing method and such a parser is called bottom up parser.
- Top-down parser builds tree in pre-order where node root is first built and then it’s left branch and then its right branch where as a bottom up parser builds the tree starting from leaves and reach the root in upwards direction...
Expert Solution & Answer
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Students have asked these similar questions
7. See the code below and solve the following.
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int result = 0;
}
result = fn(2,3);
System.out.println("The result is:
+ result);
// fn(x, 1) = x
// fn(x, y)
=
fn(x, y-1) + 2, when y>1
public static int fn(int x, int y) {
if (x <= 1)
return x;
else
return fn(x, y-1) + 2;
}
}
7-1. This program has a bug that leads to infinite recursion. Modify fn(int x, int y) method to fix
the problem. (2 point)
7-2. Manually trace the recursive call, fn(2,3) and show the output (step by step). (2 point)
7-3. Can you identify the Base Case in recursive method fn(int x, int y)? (1 point)
6. See the code below and solve the following.
import java.io.*;
public class DataStream {
}
public static void main(String[] args)
}
DataOutputStream output = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("temp.dat"));
output.writeUTF("Book1");
output.writeInt(85);
output.writeUTF("Book2");
output.writeInt(125);
output.writeUTF("Book3");
output.writeInt(70);
output.close();
// ToDo: Read all data from temp.dat and print the data to the standard output (monitor)
6-1. This program has a compile error, and the message is “Unhandled exception type
FileNotFoundException". How do you fix this error? (1 point)
6-2. Is FileNotFoundException a checked exception or an unchecked exception? (1 point)
6-3. What is the difference between checked exception and unchecked exception? (1 point)
6-4. Please complete the above program by reading all data from temp.dat and print the data
to the standard output (monitor) by using System.out.print, System.out.println or
System.out.printf method. (2 points)
Write a program that reads a list of integers from input and determines if the list is a palindrome (values are identical from first to last and last to first). The input begins with an integer indicating the length of the list that follows. Assume the list will contain a maximum of 20 integers. Output "yes" if the list is a palindrome and "no" otherwise. The output ends with a newline.
Hints: - use a for loop to populate the array based on the specified size (the first number entered)
- use a for loop to check first value with last value, second value with second from end, etc.
- if the values do not match, set a Boolean variable to flag which statement to output (yes or no)
Ex: If the input is (remember to include spaces between the numbers):
6 1 5 9 9 5 1
the output is:
yes
Ex: If the input is:
5 1 2 3 4 5
the output is: C++ coding
Chapter 4 Solutions
Concepts of Programming Languages (11th Edition)
Ch. 4 - Prob. 1RQCh. 4 - Prob. 2RQCh. 4 - Prob. 3RQCh. 4 - Prob. 4RQCh. 4 - Prob. 5RQCh. 4 - Prob. 6RQCh. 4 - Prob. 7RQCh. 4 - Prob. 8RQCh. 4 - Prob. 9RQCh. 4 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 4 - Prob. 11RQCh. 4 - Prob. 12RQCh. 4 - Prob. 13RQCh. 4 - Prob. 14RQCh. 4 - Prob. 15RQCh. 4 - Prob. 16RQCh. 4 - Prob. 17RQCh. 4 - Prob. 18RQCh. 4 - Prob. 19RQCh. 4 - Prob. 20RQCh. 4 - Prob. 21RQCh. 4 - Prob. 22RQCh. 4 - Prob. 23RQCh. 4 - What was Knuths insight in developing the LR...Ch. 4 - Prob. 25RQCh. 4 - Prob. 26RQCh. 4 - Is left recursion a problem for LR parsers?Ch. 4 - Prob. 1PSCh. 4 - Prob. 2PSCh. 4 - Prob. 3PSCh. 4 - Prob. 4PSCh. 4 - Prob. 7PSCh. 4 - Prob. 8PS
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