Problem 1SAQ: Q1. Which statement is not part of Dalton’s theory?
a. Each element is composed of indestructible... Problem 2SAQ: Q2. Which statement best summarizes the nuclear model of the atom that emerged from Rutherford’s... Problem 3SAQ: Q3. An ion composed of which of these particles would have a mass of approximately 16 amu and a... Problem 4SAQ: Which element is a maingroup metal with an even atomic number? a. K b. Ca c. Cr d. Se Problem 5SAQ: Which element is a halo0gen? a. Ne b. O c. Ca d. I Problem 6SAQ Problem 7SAQ: Q7. Which element is a row 4 noble gas?
a. Ne
b. Br
c. Zr
d. Kr
Problem 8SAQ: How many element does the predictable (most common) ion of fluorine contain? a. 1 b. 4 c. 9 d. 10 Problem 9SAQ: Q9. How many neutrons does the Fe-56 isotope contain?
a. 26
b. 30
c. 56
d. 112
Problem 10SAQ: Q10. Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in
a. 16 proton; 32 neutrons; and 18... Problem 11SAQ: Q11. What is the charge of the Cr ion that contains 21 electrons?
a. 2−
b. 3−
c. 2+
d. 3+
Problem 12SAQ: An element has four naturally occurring isotopes; the table lists the mass and natural abundance of... Problem 1E: What did Democritus contribute to our modern understanding of matter? Problem 2E: 2. What are three man ideas in Dalton’s atomic theory?
Problem 3E: Describe Rutherfords gold foil experiment and the results of that experiment. How did these results... Problem 4E: What are the main ideas in the nuclear theory of the atom? Problem 5E: List the three subatomic particles and their properties. Problem 6E: What is electrical charge? Problem 7E: Is matter usually charge-neutral? How would be different if it were not change-neutral? Problem 8E: 8. What does the atomic number of an element specify?
Problem 9E: What is a chemical symbol? Problem 10E Problem 11E: What Dmitri Mendeleevs main contribution to our modern understanding of chemistry? Problem 12E: What is the man idea in the periodic law? Problem 13E: How is the periodic table organized? Problem 14E Problem 15E Problem 16E Problem 17E: What is a family or group of elements? Problem 18E: Locate each group of elements on the periodic table and list its group number. a. alkali metals b.... Problem 19E: 19. What is an ion?
Problem 20E Problem 21E: 21. Locate each group on the periodic table and list the charge of the ions it tends to form.
a.... Problem 22E: 22. What are isotopes?
Problem 23E Problem 24E Problem 25E: What notations are commonly used to specify isotopes? What do each of the number in these symbols... Problem 26E: What is the atomic mass of an element? Problem 27E: 27. Which statement are inconsistent with Dalton’s atomic theory as it was originally stated?... Problem 28E: Which statements are consistent with Daltons atomic theory as it was originally stated? Explain your... Problem 29E: Which statements are inconsistent with Rutherfords nuclear theory as it was originally stated?... Problem 30E: 30. Which statement are consistent with Rutherford’s nuclear theory as it was originally stated?... Problem 31E Problem 32E: 32. Rutherford’s experiment indicated that matter was not as uniform as it appears. What part of his... Problem 33E: 33. Which statement about electrons is true?
a. Electrons attract one another.
b. Electrons are... Problem 34E: 34. Which statement about electrons is false?
a. Most atoms have more electrons than protons.
b.... Problem 35E: 35. Which statement about protons is true?
a. Protons have twice the mass of neutrons.
b. Protons... Problem 36E: 36. Which statement about protons is false?
a. Protons have about the same mass neutrons.
b. Protons... Problem 37E: 37. How many electrons would it take to equal the mass of a proton?
Problem 38E: A helium nucleus has two has two neutrons. How many electrons would it take to equal the mass of a... Problem 39E: What mass of electrons is required to neutralize the charge of 1.0 g of protons? Problem 40E: 40. What mass of protons is required to neutralize the charge of 1.0 g of electrons?
Problem 41E: Find the atomic number (Z) for each element. a. Fr b. Kr C. Pa d. Ge e. Al Problem 42E Problem 43E: 43. How many protons are in the nucleus of an atom of each element?
a. Ar
b. Sn
c. Xe
d. O
e. Tl
Problem 44E: How many protons are in the nucleus of an atom of each element? a. Ti b. Li c. U d. Br e. F Problem 45E: 45. List the symbol and atomic number of each element.
a. carbon
b. nitrogen
c. sodium
d.... Problem 46E: 46. List the symbol and atomic number of each element.
a. boron
b. neon
c. silver
d. mercury
e.... Problem 47E: List the name and the atomic number of each element. a. Mn b. Ag c. Au d. Pd e. S Problem 48E: List the name and the atomic number of each element. a. Y b. N c. Ne d. K e. Mo Problem 49E: Fill in the blanks to complete the table. Element Name Element Symbol Atomic Number Au 79 Tin ... Problem 50E: Fill in the blanks to complete the table. Element Name Element Symbol Atomic Number Al 13 iodine ... Problem 51E: Classify each element as a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid. a. Sr b. Mg c. F d. N e. As Problem 52E: Classify each element as a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid. a. Na b. Ge c. Si d. Br e. Ag Problem 53E: Which elements would you expect to lose electrons in chemical changes? a. potassium b. sulfur c.... Problem 54E: 54. Which elements would you expect to gain electrons in chemical changes?
a. nitrogen
b. iodine
c.... Problem 55E: 55. Which elements are main group elements?
a. Te
b. K
c. V
d. Ag
Problem 56E: Which elements are not main-group elements? a. AI b. Br c. Mo d. Cs e. Pb Problem 57E: 57. Which elements are alkaline earth metals?
a. sodium
b. aluminum
c. calcium
d. lithium
Problem 58E: Which elements are alkaline earth metal? a. rubidium b. tungsten c. magnesium d. cesium e. beryllium Problem 59E: 59. Which elements are alkali metals?
a. barium
b. sodium
c. gold
d. tin
e. rubidium
Problem 60E: Which elements are alkali metals? a. scandium b. iron c. potassium d. lithium e. cobalt Problem 61E: Classify each element as a halogen, a noble gas, or neither. a. Cl b. Kr c. F d. Ga e. He Problem 62E Problem 63E: 63. To what group number does each element belong?
a. oxygen
b. aluminum
c. silicon
d. tin
e.... Problem 64E Problem 65E: Which element do you expect to be most like sulfur? Why? a. nitrogen b. oxygen c. fluorine d.... Problem 66E: Which element do you expect to be most like magnesium? Why? a. potassium b. silver c. bromine d.... Problem 67E: Which pair of elements do you expect to be most similar? Why? a. Si and P b. Cl and F c. Na and Mg... Problem 68E Problem 69E: 69. Which element is a main – group nonmetal?
a. K
b. Fe
c. Sn
d. S
Problem 70E Problem 71E Problem 72E Problem 73E Problem 74E Problem 75E: Determine the change of each ion. a. oxygen ion with 10 electrons b. aluminum ion with 10 electrons... Problem 76E: 76. Determine the charge of each ion.
a. tungsten ion with 68 electrons
b. tellurium ion with 54... Problem 77E: Determine the number of protons and electrons in each ion. a. Na+ b. Ba2+ c. O2 d. Co3+ Problem 78E: 78. Determine the number of protons and electrons in each ion.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Problem 79E Problem 80E: Determine whether each statement is true or false. If false, correct it. a. The Fe2+ ion contains 29... Problem 81E: Predict the ion formed by each element. a. Rb b. K c. AI d. O Problem 82E: 82. Predict ion formed by each element.
a. F
b. N
c. Mg
d. Na
Problem 83E: Predict how many electrons each element will most likely gain or lose. a. Ga b. Li c. Br d. S Problem 84E: Predict how many electrons each element will most likely gain or lose. a. l b. Ba c. Cs d. Se Problem 85E: 85. Fill in the blanks to compele the table.
Symbole lon commonly Formed Number of Electrons... Problem 86E: Fill in the blacks to complete the table. Symbol Ion CommonlyFormed Number ofElectronsIn ion Number... Problem 87E: 87. Determine the atomic number and mass number for each isotope.
a. the hydrogen isotope with 2... Problem 88E: 88. How many neutrons are in an atom each atomic number and mass number?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Problem 89E: 89. Write isotopic symbols in the form for each isotope.
a. the oxygen isotope with 8 neutrons
b.... Problem 90E: Write isotopic symbol in the form X-A (for example, C-13) for each isotope. a. the iodine isotope... Problem 91E: Write the symbol for each isotope in the form XZA. a. cobalt-60 b. neon-22 c. iodine-131 d.... Problem 92E: Write the symbol for each isotope in the form XZA. a. U-235 b. V-52 c. P-32 d. Xe-144 Problem 93E: 93. Determine the number of protons and neutrons in each isotope
a.
b.
c.
d.
Problem 94E: Determine the number of protons and neutrons in each isotope. a. P1533 b. K1940 c. R86222n d. T4399c Problem 95E: Carbon 14, present within living organisms and substances derived from living organisms, is often... Problem 96E: Plutonium-239 is used in nuclear bombs. Determine the number of protons and neutonulm-239 and write... Problem 97E: Rubidium has two naturally occurring isotopes: Rb-85 with mass 84. 9118 amu and a natural abundance... Problem 98E: 98. Silicon has three naturally occurring isotopes: Si-28 with mass 27. 9769 amu and a natural... Problem 99E: Bromine has two naturally occurring isotopes (Br-79 and Br-81) and atomic mass of 79.904 amu. a. If... Problem 100E: Silver has two naturally occurring isotopes (Ag-107 and Ag-109). a. Use the periodic table to find... Problem 101E: 101. An element has two naturally occurring isotopes. 1 has a mass of 120. 9038 amu and a relative... Problem 102E: Copper has two naturally occurring isotopes. Cu-63 has a mass of 62.939 amu and abundance of 69.17%.... Problem 103E: Electrical charge is sometimes reported in coulombs (C). On this scale, 1 electron has a charge of... Problem 104E: 104. How many excess protons are in a charged object with a charged of +398 mC (millicoulombus)? The... Problem 105E: 105. The hydrogen atom contains 1 proton 1 electron. The radius of the proton is approximately 1.0... Problem 106E: 106. Carbon-12 contains 6 protons and 6 neutrons. The radius of the nucleus is approximately 2.7 fm,... Problem 107E: Prepare a table like Table 4.2 for the four different isotopes of Sr that the natural abundance and... Problem 108E: 108. Determine the number of protons and neutrons in each isotope of chromium and use the listed... Problem 109E: Fill in the blanks to complete the table. Symbol Z A Number ofprotons Number ofElectrons Number... Problem 110E: 110. Fill in the blanks to complete the table.
Symbol Z A Number of protons Number... Problem 111E: Europium has two naturally occurring isotopes: Eu-151 with a mass of 150.9198 amu and a natural... Problem 112E: Rhenium has two naturally occurring isotopes: Re-185 with a natural abundance of 37.40% and Re-187... Problem 113E: Chapter 1 describes the difference between observation, laws, and theories. Cite two examples from... Problem 114E: 114. Chapter1 describes the difference between observations, laws, and theories. Cite one example of... Problem 115E: The atomic mass of fluorine is 19. 00 amu, and all fluorine atoms in naturally occurring sample of... Problem 116E: 116. The atomic mass of germanium is 72.61 amu. Is it likely that any individual germanium atoms... Problem 117E Problem 118E: Gallium has only two naturally occurring isotopes, Ga-69 and Ga-71. The mass of Ga-69 is 68.9256... Problem 119E: 119. The figure shown here is a representation of 50 atoms of a fictitious element with the symbol... Problem 120E: 120. Neutron stars are believed to be composed of solid nuclear matter, primarily neutrons.
a. If... Problem 121QGW: 121. Complete the following table.
Particle Mass (amu) Charge In the Nucleus? (yes/no) #in atom #... Problem 122QGW Problem 123QGW Problem 124QGW Problem 125DIA: 125. The graph at the right shows the atomic radius for the 19 element in the periodic table.
Atomic... format_list_bulleted