Electric Circuits (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780133760033
Author: James W. Nilsson, Susan Riedel
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 4, Problem 6P
To determine
Calculate the node voltage
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For a band-rejection filter, the response drops below this half power point at two locations as visualised in Figure 7, we need to find these
frequencies. Let's call the lower frequency-3dB point as fr and the higher frequency -3dB point fH. We can then find out the bandwidth as
f=fHfL, as illustrated in Figure 7.
0dB
Af
-3 dB
Figure 7. Band reject filter response diagram
Considering your AC simulation frequency response and referring to Figure 7, measure the following from your AC simulation. 1% accuracy:
(a) Upper-3db Frequency (fH) =
Hz
(b) Lower-3db Frequency (fL) =
Hz
(c) Bandwidth (Aƒ) =
Hz
(d) Quality Factor (Q) =
P 4.4-21 Determine the values of the node voltages V1, V2, and
v3 for the circuit shown in Figure P 4.4-21.
29
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12 V
+51
Aia
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22.
+21
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+371
①1
1 A
1. What is the theoretical attenuation of the output voltage at the resonant frequency? Answer to within 1%, or enter 0, or infinity (as “inf”)
Attenuation =
Chapter 4 Solutions
Electric Circuits (10th Edition)
Ch. 4.2 - a) For the circuit shown, use the node-voltage...Ch. 4.2 - Use the node-voltage method to find v in the...Ch. 4.3 - Use the node-voltage method to find the power...Ch. 4.4 - Use the node-voltage method to find vo in the...Ch. 4.4 - Use the node-voltage method to find v in the...Ch. 4.4 - Use the node-voltage method to find v1 in the...Ch. 4.5 - Use the mesh-current method to find (a) the power...Ch. 4.6 - Determine the number of mesh-current equations...Ch. 4.6 - Use the mesh-current method to find vo in the...Ch. 4.7 - Use the mesh-current method to find the power...
Ch. 4.7 - Use the mesh-current method to find the mesh...Ch. 4.7 - Use the mesh-current method to find the power...Ch. 4.8 - Find the power delivered by the 2 A current source...Ch. 4.8 - Find the power delivered by the 4 A current source...Ch. 4.9 - Use a series of source transformations to find the...Ch. 4.10 - Find the Thévenin equivalent circuit with respect...Ch. 4.10 - Prob. 17APCh. 4.10 - Prob. 18APCh. 4.11 - Find the Thévenin equivalent circuit with respect...Ch. 4.11 - Find the Thévenin equivalent circuit with respect...Ch. 4.12 - Find the value of R that enables the circuit shown...Ch. 4.12 - Assume that the circuit in Assessment Problem 4.21...Ch. 4 - For the circuit shown in Fig. P4.1, state the...Ch. 4 - If only the essential nodes and branches are...Ch. 4 - Assume the voltage vs in the circuit in Fig. P4.3...Ch. 4 - A current leaving a node is defined as...Ch. 4 - How many separate parts does the circuit in Fig....Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find vo in the...Ch. 4 - Find the power developed by the 40 mA current...Ch. 4 - A 50 Ω resistor is connected in series with the 40...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find how much power...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to show that the...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find the branch...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find v1 and v2 in...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find v1 and v2 in...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find v1, v2, and v3...Ch. 4 - The circuit shown in Fig. P4.14 is a dc model of a...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find the total...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find vo in the...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to calculate the power...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find the total...Ch. 4 - Use the node voltage method to find vo for the...Ch. 4 - Find the node voltages v1, v2, and v3 in the...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find υ0 and the...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find the value of...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find io in the...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find the power...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find vo in the...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find the branch...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find the value of...Ch. 4 - Assume you are a project engineer and one of your...Ch. 4 - Use the node-voltage method to find the power...Ch. 4 - Show that when Eqs. 4.13, 4.14, and 4.16 are...Ch. 4 - Use the mesh-current method to find the branch...Ch. 4 - Solve Problem 4.11 using the mesh-current...Ch. 4 - Solve Problem 4.14 using the mesh-current...Ch. 4 - Solve Problem 4.26 using the mesh-current...Ch. 4 - Use the mesh-current method to find the total...Ch. 4 - Solve Problem 4.25 using the mesh-current...Ch. 4 - Solve Problem 4.17 using the mesh-current...Ch. 4 - Use the mesh-current method to find the power...Ch. 4 - Use the mesh-current method to find the power...Ch. 4 - Use the mesh-current method to find υ0 in the...Ch. 4 - Use mesh-current method to find the power...Ch. 4 -
Use the mesh-current method to solve for iΔ in...Ch. 4 - Solve Problem 4.10 using the mesh-current...Ch. 4 - Solve Problem 4.21 using the mesh-current...Ch. 4 - Use the mesh-current method to find the total...Ch. 4 - Use the mesh-current method to find how much power...Ch. 4 - Use the mesh-current method to determine which...Ch. 4 - Use the mesh-current method to find the total...Ch. 4 - Prob. 50PCh. 4 - Solve Problem 4.23 using the mesh-current...Ch. 4 - Use the mesh-current method to find the branch...Ch. 4 - Find the branch currents ia − ie for the circuit...Ch. 4 - Assume you have been asked to find the power...Ch. 4 - A 4 kΩ resistor is placed in parallel with the 10...Ch. 4 - Would you use the node-voltage or mesh- current...Ch. 4 - Prob. 57PCh. 4 - The variable de voltage source in the circuit in...Ch. 4 - Make a series of source transformations to find...Ch. 4 - Prob. 60PCh. 4 - Use source transformations to find the current io...Ch. 4 - Use a series of source transformations to find i0...Ch. 4 - Use source transformations to find vo in the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 64PCh. 4 - Find the Norton equivalent with respect to the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 66PCh. 4 - Find the Thévenin equivalent with respect to the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 68PCh. 4 - A Thévenin equivalent can also be determined from...Ch. 4 - Prob. 70PCh. 4 - Prob. 71PCh. 4 - Prob. 72PCh. 4 - The Wheatstone bridge in the circuit shown in Fig....Ch. 4 - Prob. 74PCh. 4 - Find the Norton equivalent with respect to the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 76PCh. 4 - Prob. 77PCh. 4 - Find the Thévenin equivalent with respect to the...Ch. 4 - Find the Thévenin equivalent with respect to the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 80PCh. 4 - Find the Norton equivalent with respect to the...Ch. 4 - The variable resistor in the circuit in Fig. P4.82...Ch. 4 - Prob. 83PCh. 4 - a) Calculate the power delivered for each value of...Ch. 4 - Find the value of the variable resistor Ro in the...Ch. 4 - A variable resistor R0 is connected across the...Ch. 4 - The variable resistor (R0) in the circuit in Fig....Ch. 4 - The variable resistor in the circuit in Fig. P4.91...Ch. 4 - The variable resistor (RL) in the circuit in Fig....Ch. 4 - The variable resistor (RO) in the circuit in Fig....Ch. 4 - In the circuit in Fig. P4.92, before the 5 mA...Ch. 4 - Use the principle of superposition to find the...Ch. 4 -
Use superposition to solve for and υ0 in the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 95PCh. 4 - Use the principle of superposition to find the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 97PCh. 4 - Use the principle of superposition to find the...Ch. 4 - Assume your supervisor has asked you to determine...Ch. 4 - Prob. 100PCh. 4 - Prob. 101PCh. 4 - Prob. 102PCh. 4 - Laboratory measurements or a dc voltage source...Ch. 4 - Prob. 104PCh. 4 - Prob. 105PCh. 4 - Repeat Problem 4.105 if Ig2 increases to 17 A and...Ch. 4 - Prob. 107PCh. 4 - Use the results given in Table 4.2 to predict the...
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- What is the settling time for your output signal (BRF_OUT)? For this question, We define the settling time as the period of time it has taken for the output to settle into a steady state - ie when your oscillation first decays (aka reduces) to less than approximately 1/20 (5%) of the initial value. (a) Settling time = 22 μs Your last answer was interpreted as follows: Incorrect answer. Check 22 222 What is the peak to peak output voltage (BRF_OUT pp) at the steady state condition? You may need to use the zoom function to perform this calculation. Select a time point that is two times the settling time you answered in the question above. Answer to within 10% accuracy. (a) BRF_OUT pp= mVpp As you may have noticed, the output voltage amplitude is a tiny fraction of the input voltage, i.e. it has been significantly attenuated. Calculate the attenuation (decibels = dB) in the output signal as compared to the input based on the formula given below. Answer to within 1% accuracy.…arrow_forwardmy previous answers for a,b,d were wrong a = 1050 b = 950 d=9.99 c was the only correct value i got previously c = 100hz is correctarrow_forwardV₁(t) ww ZRI ZLI ZL2 ZTH Zci VTH Zc21 Figure 8. Circuit diagram showing calculation approach for VTH and Z TH we want to create a blackbox for the red region, we want to use the same input signal conditions as previously the design of your interference ector circuit: Sine wave with a 1 Vpp, with a frequency of 100 kHz (interference) Square wave with 2.4Vpp, with a frequency of 10 kHz (signal) member an AC Thevenin equivalent is only valid at one frequency. We have chosen to calculate the Thevenin equivalent circuit (and therefore the ackbox) at the interference frequency (i.e. 100 kHz), and the signal frequency (i.e. 10 kHz) as these are the key frequencies to analyse. Your boss is assured you that the waveform converter module has been pre-optimised to the DAB Receiver if you use the recommended circuit topology.arrow_forward
- Vs(t) + v(t) + vi(t) ZR ZL Figure 1: Second order RLC circuit Zc + ve(t) You are requested to design the circuit shown in Figure 1. The circuit is assumed to be operating at its resonant frequency when it is fed by a sinusoidal voltage source Vs (t) = 2sin(le6t). To help design your circuit you have been given the value of inductive reactance ZL = j1000. Assume that the amplitude of the current at resonance is Is (t) = 2 mA. Based on this information, answer the following to help design your circuit. Use cartesian notation for your answers, where required.arrow_forwardWhat is the attenuation at the resonant frequency? You should use the LTSpice cursors for your measurement. Answer to within 1% accuracy, or enter 0, or infinity (as "inf") (a) Attenuation (dB) = dB Check You may have noticed that it was significantly easier to use frequency-domain "AC" simulation to measure the attenuation, compared to the steps we performed in the last few questions. (i.e. via a time-domain "transient" simulation). AC analysis allows us to observe and quantify large scale positive or negative changes in a signal of interest across a wide range of different frequencies. From the response you will notice that only frequencies that are relatively close to 100 kHz have been attenuated. This is the result of the Band-reject filter you have designed, and shows the 'rejection' (aka attenuation) of any frequencies that lie in a given band. The obvious follow-up question is how do we define this band? We use a quantity known as the bandwidth. A commonly used measurement for…arrow_forwardV₁(t) ww ZRI ZLI ZL2 ZTH Zci VTH Zc21 Figure 8. Circuit diagram showing calculation approach for VTH and Z TH we want to create a blackbox for the red region, we want to use the same input signal conditions as previously the design of your interference ector circuit: Sine wave with a 1 Vpp, with a frequency of 100 kHz (interference) Square wave with 2.4Vpp, with a frequency of 10 kHz (signal) member an AC Thevenin equivalent is only valid at one frequency. We have chosen to calculate the Thevenin equivalent circuit (and therefore the ackbox) at the interference frequency (i.e. 100 kHz), and the signal frequency (i.e. 10 kHz) as these are the key frequencies to analyse. Your boss is assured you that the waveform converter module has been pre-optimised to the DAB Receiver if you use the recommended circuit topology.arrow_forward
- Vs(t) + v(t) + vi(t) ZR ZL Figure 1: Second order RLC circuit Zc + ve(t) You are requested to design the circuit shown in Figure 1. The circuit is assumed to be operating at its resonant frequency when it is fed by a sinusoidal voltage source Vs (t) = 2sin(le6t). To help design your circuit you have been given the value of inductive reactance ZL = j1000. Assume that the amplitude of the current at resonance is Is (t) = 2 mA. Based on this information, answer the following to help design your circuit. Use cartesian notation for your answers, where required.arrow_forwardFor a band-rejection filter, the response drops below this half power point at two locations as visualised in Figure 7, we need to find these frequencies. Let's call the lower frequency-3dB point as fr and the higher frequency -3dB point fH. We can then find out the bandwidth as f=fHfL, as illustrated in Figure 7. 0dB Af -3 dB Figure 7. Band reject filter response diagram Considering your AC simulation frequency response and referring to Figure 7, measure the following from your AC simulation. 1% accuracy: (a) Upper-3db Frequency (fH) = Hz (b) Lower-3db Frequency (fL) = Hz (c) Bandwidth (Aƒ) = Hz (d) Quality Factor (Q) =arrow_forwardV₁(t) ww ZRI ZLI Z12 Zci Zcz Figure 4. Notch filter circuit topology ши Consider the second order resonant circuit shown in Figure 4. Impedances ZLIZ C1. ZL2. Z c2 combine together forming a two-stage "band- reject" filter, so called because it rejects a "band" (aka range) of frequencies. This circuit topology is also commonly referred to as a "band-stop" filter or "notch" filter. The output of the DAB receiver block has been approximated via Thevenin's theorem for you as a voltage source Vs (t) and associated series impedance Z RI To succeed in our goal, we are going to use an iterative design approach. First we will design the interference rejector, and then repeat the process, using the output of the interference rejector to check the provided waveform converter works as intended.arrow_forward
- 1. What is the settling time for your output signal (BRF_OUT)? For this question, We define the settling time as the period of time it has taken for the output to settle into a steady state - ie when your oscillation first decays (aka reduces) to less than approximately 1/20 (5%) of the initial value. (a) Settling timearrow_forward2. What is the total impedance Zt of your designed circuit? Represent your result in cartesian form NOTE: use j to represent sqare root Zt=arrow_forwardAn electric resistance space heater is designed such that it resembles a rectangular box 55 cm high, 75 cm long, and 20 cm wide filled with 45 kg of oil. The heater is to be placed against a wall, and thus heat transfer from its back surface is negligible. The surface temperature of the heater is not to exceed 75°C in a room at 25°C for safety considerations. The emissivity of the outer surface of the heater is 0.8 and the average temperature of the ceiling and wall surfaces is the same as the room air temperature. The properties of air at 1 atm and the film temperature are: k = 0.02753 W/m-°C, v=1.798 x 10-5 m²/s, Pr = 0.7228, and ẞ= 0.003096K-1 Wall T₁ =75°C Oil € = 0.8 Electric heater Heating element Disregarding heat transfer from the bottom and top surfaces of the heater in anticipation that the top surface will be used as a shelf, determine the power rating of the heater in W. The power rating of the heater is W.arrow_forward
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