Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780357391594
Author: Frederick A. Bettelheim; William H. Brown; Mary K. Campbell
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Question
Chapter 4, Problem 56P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: The energy required or needed can be calculated as follows:
Concept Introduction:
The heat required can be calculated as follows:
Here, m is mass of substance, c is specific heat capacity and
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Draw the stepwise mechanism for the reactions
Part I.
a)
Draw reaction mechanism for the transformations of benzophenone to benzopinacol to benzopinaco lone
b) Pinacol (2,3-dimethyl, 1-3-butanediol) on treatment w/ acid gives a mixture of pina colone
(3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone) and 2, 3-dimethyl - 1,3-butadiene. Give reasonable mechanism
the formation of
the products
For
3. The explosive decomposition of 2 mole of TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) is shown below:
Assume the C(s) is soot-basically atomic carbon (although it isn't actually atomic carbon in real life).
2
CH3
H
NO2
NO2
3N2 (g)+7CO (g) + 5H₂O (g) + 7C (s)
H
a. Use bond dissociation energies to calculate how much AU is for this reaction in kJ/mol.
Chapter 4 Solutions
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Ch. 4.2 - Problem 4-1 Following is an unbalanced equation...Ch. 4.2 - Problem 4-2 Balance this equation:Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 4.3QCCh. 4.3 - Problem 4-4 When a solution of copper(II)...Ch. 4.4 - Problem 4-5 In each equation, identify the...Ch. 4.5 - Problem 4-6 What is (a) the molecular weight of...Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 4.7QCCh. 4.6 - Problem 4-8 We wish to weigh 2.84 mol of sodium...Ch. 4.6 - Problem 4-9 How many moles of C atoms, H atoms,...Ch. 4.6 - Problem 4-10 How many moles of copper(I) ions,...
Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 4.11QCCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.12QCCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.13QCCh. 4.7 - Problem 4-14 Ethanol is produced industrially by...Ch. 4.7 - Prob. 4.15QCCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.16QCCh. 4.8 - How many calories are required to heat 731g of...Ch. 4.8 - A 100g piece of iron at 25C is heated by adding...Ch. 4.8 - It required 88.2 cal to heat 13.4g of an unknown...Ch. 4.9 - Solid iron and oxygen gas react to form solid...Ch. 4 - 4-17 Balance each equation.Ch. 4 - 4-18 Balance each equation.Ch. 4 - Prob. 3PCh. 4 - 4-20 Calcium oxide is prepared by heating...Ch. 4 - 4-21 The brilliant white light in some firework...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6PCh. 4 - 4-23 When solid carbon burns in a limited supply...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8PCh. 4 - 4-25 In the chemical test for arsenic, the gas...Ch. 4 - Prob. 10PCh. 4 - Prob. 11PCh. 4 - 4-28 Answer true or false. (a) A net ionic...Ch. 4 - 4-29 Balance these net ionic equations. (a)...Ch. 4 - 4-30 In the equation (a) Identify the spectator...Ch. 4 - 4-31 Predict whether a precipitate will form when...Ch. 4 - 4-32 When a solution of ammonium chloride is added...Ch. 4 - 4-33 When a solution of hydrochloric acid, HCl, is...Ch. 4 - Prob. 18PCh. 4 - Prob. 19PCh. 4 - 4-36 Using the solubility generalizations given in...Ch. 4 - 4-37 Answer true or false. (a) When a substance is...Ch. 4 - Prob. 22PCh. 4 - Prob. 23PCh. 4 - Prob. 24PCh. 4 - Prob. 25PCh. 4 - 4-42 Calculate the formula weight of: (a) KCl (b)...Ch. 4 - 4-43 Calculate the molecular weight of: (a)...Ch. 4 - 4-44 Answer true or false. (a) The mole is a...Ch. 4 - 4-45 Calculate the number of moles in: (a) 32 g of...Ch. 4 - 4-46 Calculate the number of grams in: (a) 1.77...Ch. 4 - 4-47 Calculate the number of moles of: (a) O atoms...Ch. 4 - 4-48 Calculate the number of moles of: (a) S2-...Ch. 4 - 4-49 Calculate the number of: (a) nitrogen atoms...Ch. 4 - 4-50 How many molecules are in each of the...Ch. 4 - 4-51 What is the mass in grams of each number of...Ch. 4 - 4-52 The molecular weight of hemoglobin is about...Ch. 4 - 4-53 A typical deposit of cholesterol, C27H46O, in...Ch. 4 - 4-54 Answer true or false. (a) Stoichiometry is...Ch. 4 - 4-55 For the reaction: (a) How many moles of N2...Ch. 4 - 4-56 Magnesium reacts with sulfuric acid according...Ch. 4 - 4-57 Chloroform, CHCl3, is prepared industrially...Ch. 4 - 4-58 At one time, acetaldehyde was prepared...Ch. 4 - 4-59 Chlorine dioxide, ClO2, is used for bleaching...Ch. 4 - 4-60 Ethanol, C2H6O, is added to gasoline to...Ch. 4 - 4-61 In photosynthesis, green plants convert CO2...Ch. 4 - 4-62 Iron ore is converted to iron by heating it...Ch. 4 - Prob. 47PCh. 4 - 4-64 Aspirin is made by the reaction of salicylic...Ch. 4 - 4-65 Suppose the preparation of aspirin from...Ch. 4 - 4-66 Benzene reacts with bromine to produce...Ch. 4 - 4-67 Ethyl chloride is prepared by the reaction of...Ch. 4 - 4-68 Diethyl ether is made from ethanol according...Ch. 4 - Prob. 53PCh. 4 - How many calories are required to heat the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 55PCh. 4 - Prob. 56PCh. 4 - Prob. 57PCh. 4 - Prob. 58PCh. 4 - 4-71 Which of these reactions are exothermic, and...Ch. 4 - Prob. 60PCh. 4 - Prob. 61PCh. 4 - Prob. 62PCh. 4 - Prob. 63PCh. 4 - Prob. 64PCh. 4 - 4-77 To convert 1 mol of iron(III) oxide to its...Ch. 4 - 4-78 (Chemical Connections 4A) How does fluoride...Ch. 4 - Prob. 67PCh. 4 - Prob. 68PCh. 4 - 4-81 (Chemical Connections 4C) Balance the lithium...Ch. 4 - 4-82 When gaseous dinitrogen pentoxide, N2O5, is...Ch. 4 - Prob. 71PCh. 4 - Prob. 72PCh. 4 - Prob. 73PCh. 4 - 4-86 When an aqueous solution of Na3PO4 is added...Ch. 4 - Prob. 75PCh. 4 - 4-88 Chlorophyll, the compound responsible for the...Ch. 4 - 4-89 If 7.0 kg of is added to 11.0 kg of to form...Ch. 4 - 4-90 Lead(lI) nitrate and aluminum chloride react...Ch. 4 - 4-91 Assume that the average red blood cell has a...Ch. 4 - 4-92 Reaction of pentane, C5H12, with oxygen, O2,...Ch. 4 - 4-93 Ammonia is prepared industrially by the...Ch. 4 - 4-94 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is...Ch. 4 - Prob. 83PCh. 4 - Prob. 84PCh. 4 - Prob. 85PCh. 4 - Prob. 86PCh. 4 - Prob. 87PCh. 4 - Prob. 88PCh. 4 - Prob. 89PCh. 4 - Prob. 90PCh. 4 - Prob. 91PCh. 4 - 4-102 Aspartame, an artificial sweetener used as a...Ch. 4 - 4-103 Caffeine, a central nervous system...Ch. 4 - Prob. 94P
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Similar questions
- Part I. Draw reaction mechanism for the transformations of benzophenone to benzopinacol to benzopinaco lone and answer the ff: Pinacol (2,3-dimethyl, 1-3-butanediol) on treatment w/ acid gives a mixture of pina colone and (3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone) 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene. Give reasonable mechanism the formation of the products Forarrow_forwardShow the mechanism for these reactionsarrow_forwardDraw the stepwise mechanismarrow_forward
- Draw a structural formula of the principal product formed when benzonitrile is treated with each reagent. (a) H₂O (one equivalent), H₂SO₄, heat (b) H₂O (excess), H₂SO₄, heat (c) NaOH, H₂O, heat (d) LiAlH4, then H₂Oarrow_forwardDraw the stepwise mechanism for the reactionsarrow_forwardDraw stepwise mechanismarrow_forward
- Part I. Draw reaction mechanism for the transformations of benzophenone to benzopinacol to benzopinaco lone and answer the ff: a) Give the major reason for the exposure of benzophenone al isopropyl alcohol (w/acid) to direct sunlight of pina colone Mechanism For b) Pinacol (2,3-dimethy 1, 1-3-butanediol) on treatment w/ acid gives a mixture (3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone) and 2, 3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene. Give reasonable the formation of the productsarrow_forwardwhat are the Iupac names for each structurearrow_forwardWhat are the IUPAC Names of all the compounds in the picture?arrow_forward
- 1) a) Give the dominant Intermolecular Force (IMF) in a sample of each of the following compounds. Please show your work. (8) SF2, CH,OH, C₂H₂ b) Based on your answers given above, list the compounds in order of their Boiling Point from low to high. (8)arrow_forward19.78 Write the products of the following sequences of reactions. Refer to your reaction road- maps to see how the combined reactions allow you to "navigate" between the different functional groups. Note that you will need your old Chapters 6-11 and Chapters 15-18 roadmaps along with your new Chapter 19 roadmap for these. (a) 1. BHS 2. H₂O₂ 3. H₂CrO4 4. SOCI₂ (b) 1. Cl₂/hv 2. KOLBU 3. H₂O, catalytic H₂SO4 4. H₂CrO4 Reaction Roadmap An alkene 5. EtOH 6.0.5 Equiv. NaOEt/EtOH 7. Mild H₂O An alkane 1.0 2. (CH3)₂S 3. H₂CrO (d) (c) 4. Excess EtOH, catalytic H₂SO OH 4. Mild H₂O* 5.0.5 Equiv. NaOEt/EtOH An alkene 6. Mild H₂O* A carboxylic acid 7. Mild H₂O* 1. SOC₁₂ 2. EtOH 3.0.5 Equiv. NaOEt/E:OH 5.1.0 Equiv. NaOEt 6. NH₂ (e) 1. 0.5 Equiv. NaOEt/EtOH 2. Mild H₂O* Br (f) i H An aldehyde 1. Catalytic NaOE/EtOH 2. H₂O*, heat 3. (CH,CH₂)₂Culi 4. Mild H₂O* 5.1.0 Equiv. LDA Br An ester 4. NaOH, H₂O 5. Mild H₂O* 6. Heat 7. MgBr 8. Mild H₂O* 7. Mild H₂O+arrow_forwardLi+ is a hard acid. With this in mind, which if the following compounds should be most soluble in water? Group of answer choices LiBr LiI LiF LiClarrow_forward
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