Chapter 4, Problem 4.9DQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Appications of the chemical potential has to be defined and described.

Concept introduction:

Chemical potential:

The chemical potential tell us how the Gibbs Free energy will vary with the number of moles $n_i$ of component I holding temperature, pressure, and the number of moles of all other components constant. For a pure substance, the chemical potential is equal to its molar Gibbs Free energy.

${\text{μ}}_{\text{i}}\text{=}{\left(\frac{\partial \text{G}}{\partial {\text{n}}_{\text{i}}}\right)}_{{\text{T,P,n}}_{\text{i,j}}}\boxed{\begin{array}{l}\text{where,}\\ {\text{μ}}_{\text{i}}\text{Chemical}\text{potential}\\ \text{G}\text{Gibbs}\text{free}\text{energy}\\ \text{T}\text{Temperature}\\ \text{P}\text{Pressure}\end{array}}$

Clapeyron equation,

$\frac{dP}{dT}=\frac{\Delta H_{vap}}{T\left(V_1-V_2\right)}\boxed{\begin{array}{l}where,\\ \Delta H_{vap}\to Enthalpyofvaporization\\ V\to Volume\\ P\to \mathrm{Pr}essure\\ T\to Temperature\end{array}}$