Depreciation
Jensen Inc., a graphic arts studio, is considering the purchase of computer equipment and software for a total cost of $18,000. Jensen can pay for the equipment and software over three years at the rate of $6,000 per year. The equipment is expected to last 10 to 20 years, but because of changing technology, Jensen believes it may need to replace the system in as soon as three to five years. A three-year lease of similar equipment and software is available for $6,000 per year. Jensen’s accountant has asked you to recommend whether the company should purchase or lease the equipment and software and to suggest the length of time over which to
Required
Ignoring the effect of taxes, would you recommend the purchase or the lease? Why or why not? Referring to the definition of depreciation, what appropriate useful life should be used for the equipment and software?
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Financial Accounting: The Impact on Decision Makers
- Dauten is offered a replacement machine which has a cost of 8,000, an estimated useful life of 6 years, and an estimated salvage value of 800. The replacement machine is eligible for 100% bonus depreciation at the time of purchase- The replacement machine would permit an output expansion, so sales would rise by 1,000 per year; even so, the new machines much greater efficiency would cause operating expenses to decline by 1,500 per year The new machine would require that inventories be increased by 2,000, but accounts payable would simultaneously increase by 500. Dautens marginal federal-plus-state tax rate is 25%, and its WACC is 11%. Should it replace the old machine?arrow_forwardRalph's Bow Works (RBW) is planning to add a new line of bow ties that will require the acquisition of a new knitting and tying machine. The machine will cost $1.8 million. It is classified as a 7-year MACRS asset and will be depreciated as such. Interest costs associated with financing the equipment purchase are estimated to be $30,000 per year. The expected salvage value of the machine at the end of 15 years is $60,000. The decision to add the new line of bow ties will require additional net working capital of $45,000 immediately, $15,000 at the end of year 1, and $15,000 at the end of year 2. RBW expects to sell $280,000 worth of the bow ties during each of the 15 years of product life. RBW expects the sales of its other ties to decline by $15,000 (in year 1) as a result of adding this new line of ties. The lost sales level will remain constant at $15,000 over the 15-year life of the proposed project. The cost of producing and selling the ties is estimated to be $40,000 per year.…arrow_forwardRalph’s Bow Works (RBW) is planning to add a new line of bow ties that will require the acquisition of a new knitting and tying machine. The machine will cost $1.3 million. It is classified as a 7-year MACRS asset and will be depreciated as such. Interest costs associated with financing the equipment purchase are estimated to be $50,000 per year. The expected salvage value of the machine at the end of 10 years is $80,000. The decision to add the new line of bow ties will require additional net working capital of $55,000 immediately, $30,000 at the end of year 1, and $10,000 at the end of year 2. RBW expects to sell $370,000 worth of the bow ties during each of the 10 years of product life. RBW expects the sales of its other ties to decline by $23,000 (in year 1) as a result of adding this new line of ties. The lost sales level will remain constant at $23,000 over the 10-year life of the proposed project. The cost of producing and selling the ties is estimated to be $70,000 per year.…arrow_forward
- Commercial Hydronics is considering replacing one of its larger control devices. A new unit sells for $29,000 (delivered). An additional $3,000 will be needed to install the device. The new device has an estimated 20-‐year service life. The estimated salvage value at the end of 20 years will be $2,000. The new control device will be depreciated as a 7-‐year MACRS asset. The existing control device (original cost = $15,000) has been in use for 12 years, and it has been fully depreciated (that is, its book value equals zero). Its scrap value is estimated to be $1,000. The existing device could be used indefinitely, assuming the firm is willing to pay for its very high maintenance costs. The firm’s marginal tax rate is 40 percent. The newcontrol device requires lower maintenance costs and frees up personnel who normally would have to monitor the system. Estimated annual cash savings from the new device will be $9,000. The firm’scost of capital is 12 percent. Evaluate the relative merits…arrow_forwardAn automobile-manufacturing company is considering purchasing an industrial robot to do spot welding, which is currently done by skilled labor. The initial cost of the robot is $180,000, and the annual labor savings are projected to be $103,753. If purchased, the robot will be depreciated under MACRS as a five-year recovery property. The robot will be used for seven years, at the end of which time, the firm expects to sell it for $58,000. The company's marginal tax rate is 25% over the project period. Assume MARR = 18%. Click the icon to view the MACRS depreciation schedules. ..... Determine the net after-tax cash flows for each period over the project life. Fill in the table below. (Round to the nearest dollar.) Period Net After-Tax Cash Flow 1 $arrow_forwardTech Engineering Company is considering the purchase of a new machine. The new machine, which falls into the MACRS 5-year class, has an estimated life of 5 years, and it costs $40,000 to purchase the machine. Tech plans to sell the machine at the end of the fifth year for $12,000. Initial decrease in accounts payable = $3,000, which must be restored at the end of the project's life. The applicable depreciation rates are 0.20, 0.32, 0.19, 0.12, 0.11, and 0.06. The new machine is expected to generate before-tax cash savings of $13,000 per year. The company's tax rate is 30%. What is the year 5 total free cash flow of the proposed project? Group of answer choices $24,540 $32,540 $22,540 $27,540 $29,540arrow_forward
- Commercial Hydronics is considering replacing one of its larger control devices. A new unit sells for $28,000 (delivered). An additional $1,000 will be needed to install the device. The new device has an estimated 17-year service life. The estimated salvage value at the end of 17 years will be $1,000. The new control device will be depreciated as a 7-year MACRS asset. The existing control device (original cost = $20,000) has been in use for 10 years, and it has been fully depreciated (that is, its book value equals zero). Its scrap value is estimated to be $1,500. The existing device could be used indefinitely, assuming the firm is willing to pay for its very high maintenance costs. The firm's marginal tax rate is 40 percent. The new control device requires lower maintenance costs and frees up personnel who normally would have to monitor the system. Estimated annual cash savings from the new device will be $5,000. The firm's cost of capital is 14 percent.Evaluate the relative merits of…arrow_forwardCommercial Hydronics is considering replacing one of its larger control devices. A new unit sells for $32,000 (delivered). An additional $4,000 will be needed to install the device. The new device has an estimated 18-year service life. The estimated salvage value at the end of 18 years will be $2,000. The new control device will be depreciated as a 7-year MACRS asset. The existing control device (original cost = $15,000) has been in use for 9 years, and it has been fully depreciated (that is, its book value equals zero). Its scrap value is estimated to be $2,500. The existing device could be used indefinitely, assuming the firm is willing to pay for its very high maintenance costs. The firm's marginal tax rate is 40 percent. The new control device requires lower maintenance costs and frees up personnel who normally would have to monitor the system. Estimated annual cash savings from the new device will be $5,000. The firm's cost of capital is 10 percent. What is the NPV?arrow_forwardPilot Plus Pens is deciding when to replace its old machine. The old machine's current salvage value is $3 million. Its current book value is $2 million. If not sold, the old machine will require maintenance costs of $500,000 at the end of the year for the next five years. Depreciation on the old machine is $400,000 per year. At the end of five years, the old machine will have a salvage value of $400,000 and a book value of $0. A replacement machine costs $4 million now and requires maintenance costs of $350,000 at the end of each year during itsfeconomic life of five years. At the end of the five years, the new machine will have a salvage value of $1,000,000. It will be fully depreciated by the straight-line method. In five years, a replacement machine will cost $5,000,000. Pilot will need to purchase this machine regardless of what choice it makes today. The corporate tax rate is 28 percent and the appropriate discount rate is 10 percent. The company is assumed to earn sufficient…arrow_forward
- The management of Jasper Equipment Company is planning to purchase a new milling machine that will cost $160,000 installed. The old milling machine has been fully depreciated but can be sold for $15,000. The new machine will be depreciated on a straight-line basis over its 10-year economic life to an estimated salvage value of $10,000. If this milling machine will save Jasper $20,000 a year in production expenses, what are the annual net cash flows associated with the purchase of this machine? Assume a marginal tax rate of 40 percent. a. $15,000 b. $27,000 c. $21,000 d. $18,000arrow_forwardInformation for Terra Corp. Terra Corp is considering the purchase of a machine that is expected to cost $180,000. The machine will require an additional $40,000 to have it shipped, modified, and installed. The purchase of this machine is expected to require additional working capital of $20,000 upfront, which will be liquidated when the machine is sold off. Terra expects to use the machine for 4 years, and then sell it for $95,000. The machine will be fully depreciated over the four years, at a constant rate. In each of the four years, Terra’s revenues are expected to be $85,000 higher than they would be without the machine. Annual operating costs (not including depreciation) will also be higher, however, to the extent of $19,000. The firm pays a 30% rate in taxes, and its cost of capital is 7.5% rate of return or return on investment on this project is estimated to be: 12.92% 7.72% 7.41% 13.11% 10.07%arrow_forwardA manufacturing company is considering acquiring a new injection-molding machine ata cost of $150,000. Because of a rapid change inproduct mix, the need for this particular machine isexpected to last only eight years, after which timethe machine is expected to have a salvage value of$10,000. The annual operating cost is estimatedto be $11,000. The addition of the machine to thecurrent production facility is expected to generatean annual revenue of $48,000. The firm has only$100,000 available from its equity funds, so it mustborrow the additional $50,000 required at an interest rate of 10% per year with repayment of principal and interest in eight equal annual amounts. Theapplicable marginal income tax rate for the firm is40%. Assume that the asset qualifies for a sevenyear MACRS property class.(a) Determine the after-tax cash flows.(b) Determine the NPW of this project atMARR = 14%.arrow_forward
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