The reason for the incorrect statement “Reactions with negative Gibbs free energies of reaction occur spontaneously and rapidly” has to be explained.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.46E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “Reactions with negative Gibbs free energies of reaction occur spontaneously and rapidly” has to be explained.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “Every sample of a pure element, irrespective of its physical state, is assigned zero Gibbs free energy formation” has to be explained.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “An exothermic reaction producing more moles of gas molecules than are consumed has a positive standard reaction Gibbs free energy” has to be explained.

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There is an instrument in Johnson 334 that measures total-reflectance x-ray fluorescence (TXRF) to do elemental analysis (i.e., determine what elements are present in a sample). A researcher is preparing a to measure calcium content in a series of well water samples by TXRF with an internal standard of vanadium (atomic symbol: V). She has prepared a series of standard solutions to ensure a linear instrument response over the expected Ca concentration range of 40-80 ppm. The concentrations of Ca and V (ppm) and the instrument response (peak area, arbitrary units) are shown below. Also included is a sample spectrum. Equation 1 describes the response factor, K, relating the analyte signal (SA) and the standard signal (SIS) to their respective concentrations (CA and CIS). Ca, ppm V, ppm SCa, arb. units SV, arb. units 20.0 10.0 14375.11 14261.02 40.0 10.0 36182.15 17997.10 60.0 10.0 39275.74 12988.01 80.0 10.0 57530.75 14268.54 100.0…

A mixture of 0.568 M H₂O, 0.438 M Cl₂O, and 0.710 M HClO are enclosed in a vessel at 25 °C. H₂O(g) + C₁₂O(g) = 2 HOCl(g) K = 0.0900 at 25°C с Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of each gas at 25 °C. [H₂O]= [C₁₂O]= [HOCI]= M Σ M

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.46E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “Reactions with negative Gibbs free energies of reaction occur spontaneously and rapidly” has to be explained.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “Every sample of a pure element, irrespective of its physical state, is assigned zero Gibbs free energy formation” has to be explained.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “An exothermic reaction producing more moles of gas molecules than are consumed has a positive standard reaction Gibbs free energy” has to be explained.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.46E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “Reactions with negative Gibbs free energies of reaction occur spontaneously and rapidly” has to be explained.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “Every sample of a pure element, irrespective of its physical state, is assigned zero Gibbs free energy formation” has to be explained.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “An exothermic reaction producing more moles of gas molecules than are consumed has a positive standard reaction Gibbs free energy” has to be explained.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.46E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “Reactions with negative Gibbs free energies of reaction occur spontaneously and rapidly” has to be explained.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “Every sample of a pure element, irrespective of its physical state, is assigned zero Gibbs free energy formation” has to be explained.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “An exothermic reaction producing more moles of gas molecules than are consumed has a positive standard reaction Gibbs free energy” has to be explained.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 4, Problem 4.46E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “Reactions with negative Gibbs free energies of reaction occur spontaneously and rapidly” has to be explained.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “Every sample of a pure element, irrespective of its physical state, is assigned zero Gibbs free energy formation” has to be explained.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “An exothermic reaction producing more moles of gas molecules than are consumed has a positive standard reaction Gibbs free energy” has to be explained.

Answer 6

Chapter 4, Problem 4.46E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “Reactions with negative Gibbs free energies of reaction occur spontaneously and rapidly” has to be explained.

Answer 7

Chapter 4, Problem 4.46E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “Reactions with negative Gibbs free energies of reaction occur spontaneously and rapidly” has to be explained.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “Every sample of a pure element, irrespective of its physical state, is assigned zero Gibbs free energy formation” has to be explained.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “Every sample of a pure element, irrespective of its physical state, is assigned zero Gibbs free energy formation” has to be explained.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “An exothermic reaction producing more moles of gas molecules than are consumed has a positive standard reaction Gibbs free energy” has to be explained.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “An exothermic reaction producing more moles of gas molecules than are consumed has a positive standard reaction Gibbs free energy” has to be explained.

Answer 12

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 13

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 4 - Prob. 4A.1AST Ch. 4 - Prob. 4A.1BST Ch. 4 - Prob. 4A.2AST Ch. 4 - Prob. 4A.2BST Ch. 4 - Prob. 4A.3AST Ch. 4 - Prob. 4A.3BST Ch. 4 - Prob. 4A.4AST Ch. 4 - Prob. 4A.4BST Ch. 4 - Prob. 4A.1E Ch. 4 - Prob. 4A.2E

The reason for the incorrect statement “Reactions with negative Gibbs free energies of reaction occur spontaneously and rapidly” has to be explained.

Solution Summary: The author explains the reason for the incorrect statement "Reactions with negative Gibbs free energies of reaction occur spontaneously and rapidly" and "Every sample of a pure element, irrespective of its physical state, is assigned

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Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “Reactions with negative Gibbs free energies of reaction occur spontaneously and rapidly” has to be explained.

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “Every sample of a pure element, irrespective of its physical state, is assigned zero Gibbs free energy formation” has to be explained.

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “An exothermic reaction producing more moles of gas molecules than are consumed has a positive standard reaction Gibbs free energy” has to be explained.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 4 Solutions

The reason for the incorrect statement “Reactions with negative Gibbs free energies of reaction occur spontaneously and rapidly” has to be explained.

Solution Summary: The author explains the reason for the incorrect statement "Reactions with negative Gibbs free energies of reaction occur spontaneously and rapidly" and "Every sample of a pure element, irrespective of its physical state, is assigned

Concept explainers

Videos

Interpretation: The reason for the incorrect statement “Reactions with negative Gibbs free energies of reaction occur spontaneously and rapidly” has to be explained.

Interpretation: The reason for the incorrect statement “Every sample of a pure element, irrespective of its physical state, is assigned zero Gibbs free energy formation” has to be explained.

Interpretation: The reason for the incorrect statement “An exothermic reaction producing more moles of gas molecules than are consumed has a positive standard reaction Gibbs free energy” has to be explained.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 4 Solutions

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “Reactions with negative Gibbs free energies of reaction occur spontaneously and rapidly” has to be explained.

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “Every sample of a pure element, irrespective of its physical state, is assigned zero Gibbs free energy formation” has to be explained.

Interpretation:

The reason for the incorrect statement “An exothermic reaction producing more moles of gas molecules than are consumed has a positive standard reaction Gibbs free energy” has to be explained.