EBK PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
2nd Edition
ISBN: 8220100477560
Author: Ball
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Chapter 4, Problem 4.26E
Under what condition(s) is
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Draw the Lewis structure for the polyatomic phosphite (PO¾³¯) a
anion. Be sure to include all resonance structures that satisfy the octet rule.
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Decide whether these proposed Lewis structures are reasonable.
proposed Lewis structure
Is the proposed Lewis structure reasonable?
Yes.
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Cl C C1:
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: 0 :
H C N
No, it has the wrong number of valence electrons.
The correct number is: ☐
No, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesn't satisfy the
octet rule.
The symbols of the problem atoms are:* ☐
Yes.
No, it has the wrong number of valence electrons.
The correct number is: ☐
No, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesn't satisfy the
octet rule.
The symbols of the problem atoms are:*
Yes.
☐
No, it has the wrong number of valence electrons.
The correct number is: ☐
No, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesn't satisfy the
octet rule.
The symbols of the problem atoms are:* |
* If two or more atoms of the same element don't satisfy the octet rule, just enter the chemical symbol as many
times as necessary. For example, if two oxygen atoms don't satisfy the octet rule, enter "0,0".
Draw the Lewis structure for the polyatomic trisulfide
anion. Be sure to include all resonance structures that satisfy the octet rule.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
EBK PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Ch. 4 - List the sets of conditions that allow dS, dU, and...Ch. 4 - Explain why conditions for using S>0 as a strict...Ch. 4 - Explain how the equation dU+pdVTdS0 is consistent...Ch. 4 - Explain why the spontaneity conditions given in...Ch. 4 - Prove that the adiabatic free expansion of an...Ch. 4 - Derive equation 4.6 from equation 4.5.Ch. 4 - Derive equation 4.8 from equation 4.7.Ch. 4 - The third part of equation 4.9 mentions a...Ch. 4 - Calculate A for a process in which 0.160mole of an...Ch. 4 - What is the maximum amount of non-pV work that can...
Ch. 4 - Consider a piston whose compression ratio is 10:1;...Ch. 4 - When one dives, water pressure increases by 1atm...Ch. 4 - Calculate G(25C) for this chemical reaction, which...Ch. 4 - Thermodynamic properties can also be determined...Ch. 4 - Calculate G in two different ways for the...Ch. 4 - Calculate G in two different ways for the...Ch. 4 - For the reaction C(graphite)C(diamond) at 25C,...Ch. 4 - Determine G for the following reaction at 0C and...Ch. 4 - What is the maximum amount of electrical that is,...Ch. 4 - When a person performs work, it is non-pV work....Ch. 4 - Can non-pV work be obtained from a process for...Ch. 4 - Can pV work be obtained from a process for which...Ch. 4 - Batteries are chemical systems that can be used to...Ch. 4 - The value of G for any phase change at constant p...Ch. 4 - The value of G for any phase change at constant p...Ch. 4 - Under what conditions is A=0 for a phase change?...Ch. 4 - Example 4.2 calculated A for one step of a Carnot...Ch. 4 - Can CV and Cp be easily defined using the natural...Ch. 4 - Analogous to equation 4.26, what is the expression...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.30ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.31ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.32ECh. 4 - Although ideally, U=H=0 for a gas-phase process at...Ch. 4 - Use equations 4.21 and 4.25 to explain why H and G...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.35ECh. 4 - Which of the following functions are exact...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.37ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.38ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.39ECh. 4 - Equation 4.19 says that (UV)S=p If we are...Ch. 4 - For an isentropic process, what is the approximate...Ch. 4 - Use the ideal gas law to demonstrate the cyclic...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.43ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.44ECh. 4 - Evaluate (U/V)T for an ideal gas. Use the...Ch. 4 - Evaluate (U/V)T for a van der Waals gas. Use the...Ch. 4 - Repeat the previous exercise for a gas that...Ch. 4 - Determine an expression for (p/S)T for an ideal...Ch. 4 - Determine the value of the derivative {[(G)]/T}p...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.50ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.51ECh. 4 - A 0.988-mole sample of argon expands from 25.0L to...Ch. 4 - A 3.66-mol sample of He contracts from 15.5L to...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.54ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.55ECh. 4 - Use the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation to demonstrate...Ch. 4 - For the equation 2H2(g)+O2(g)2H2O(g)...Ch. 4 - Use equation 4.46 as an example and find an...Ch. 4 - What is the value of G when 1.00mol of water at...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.60ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.61ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.62ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.63ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.64ECh. 4 - What is the change in the chemical potential of a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.66ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.67ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.68ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.69ECh. 4 - Can equation 4.62 be used to calculate for an...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.71ECh. 4 - Of helium and oxygen gases, which one do you...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.73ECh. 4 - Use equation 4.39 to determine a numerical value...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.75ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.76E
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- 1. Calculate the accurate monoisotopic mass (using all 1H, 12C, 14N, 160 and 35CI) for your product using the table in your lab manual. Don't include the Cl, since you should only have [M+H]*. Compare this to the value you see on the LC-MS printout. How much different are they? 2. There are four isotopic peaks for the [M+H]* ion at m/z 240, 241, 242 and 243. For one point of extra credit, explain what each of these is and why they are present. 3. There is a fragment ion at m/z 184. For one point of extra credit, identify this fragment and confirm by calculating the accurate monoisotopic mass. 4. The UV spectrum is also at the bottom of your printout. For one point of extra credit, look up the UV spectrum of bupropion on Google Images and compare to your spectrum. Do they match? Cite your source. 5. For most of you, there will be a second chromatographic peak whose m/z is 74 (to a round number). For one point of extra credit, see if you can identify this molecule as well and confirm by…arrow_forwardPlease draw, not just describe!arrow_forwardcan you draw each step on a piece of a paper please this is very confusing to mearrow_forward
- > Can the molecule on the right-hand side of this organic reaction be made in good yield from no more than two reactants, in one step, by moderately heating the reactants? esc ? A O O •If your answer is yes, then draw the reactant or reactants in the drawing area below. You can draw the reactants in any arrangement you like. • If your answer is no, check the box under the drawing area instead. olo 18 Ar Explanation Check BB Click and drag to start drawing a structure. 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center Accessibilityarrow_forwardName the structurearrow_forward> For each pair of substrates below, choose the one that will react faster in a substitution reaction, assuming that: 1. the rate of substitution doesn't depend on nucleophile concentration and 2. the products are a roughly 50/50 mixture of enantiomers. Substrate A Substrate B Faster Rate X CI (Choose one) (Choose one) CI Br Explanation Check Br (Choose one) C 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy A F10arrow_forward
- How to draw this mechanism for the foloowing reaction in the foto. thank youarrow_forwardPredict the major products of the following organic reaction: Some important notes: CN A? • Draw the major product, or products, of the reaction in the drawing area below. • If there aren't any products, because no reaction will take place, check the box below the drawing area instead. • Be sure to use wedge and dash bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products that are enantiomers. No reaction. Explanation Check Click and drag to start drawing a structure. 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use Privacy Centerarrow_forwardDraw the major product of the following reaction. Do not draw inorganic byproducts. H3PO4 OHarrow_forward
- Predict the major products of this organic reaction: HBr (1 equiv) Δ ? Some important notes: • Draw the major product, or products, of this reaction in the drawing area below. • You can draw the products in any arrangement you like. • Pay careful attention to the reaction conditions, and only include the major products. • Be sure to use wedge and dash bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products that are enantiomers. • Note that there is only 1 equivalent of HBr reactant, so you need not consider the case of multiple additions. Explanation Check X ©2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacyarrow_forwardFor the structure below, draw the resonance structure that is indicated by the curved arrow(s). Be sure to include formal charges. :ÖH Modify the second structure given to draw the new resonance structure. Include lone pairs and charges in your structure. Use the + and - tools to add/remove charges to an atom, and use the single bond tool to add/remove double bonds.arrow_forwardUsing the table of Reactants and Products provided in the Hints section, provide the major product (with the correct stereochemistry when applicable) for questions below by selecting the letter that corresponds to the exact chemical structures for the possible product. OH conc Hydrochloric acid 40°C Temp A/arrow_forward
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