Modern Database Management
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780134773650
Author: Hoffer
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 4, Problem 4.24RQ
Explain what can be done with primary keys to eliminate key ripple effects as a
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Objective
Implement Bottom-Up Iterative MergeSort and analyze its efficiency compared to
recursive MergeSort. Unlike the recursive approach, which involves multiple function
calls and stack overhead, the bottom-up version sorts iteratively by merging small
subarrays first, reducing recursion depth and improving performance.
Task
1. Implement Bottom-Up Iterative MergeSort
о Start with single-element subarrays and iteratively merge them into larger
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Use a loop-based merging process instead of recursion.
○ Implement an efficient in-place merging strategy if possible.
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O
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Explain why the iterative version reduces function call overhead and when
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Code implementation with comments.
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Given a shared data set, we allow multiple readers to read at the same time, and only one single writer can access the shared data at the same time. In the lecture slides, a solution is given. However, the problem is that the write cannot write forever, if there are always at least one reader.
How to ensure that the writer can eventually write? Propose your solution by using semaphores and implemented in Python
from threading import Thread, Semaphore
from time import sleep
from sys import stdout
class Reader(Thread):
def__init__(self, name):
self.n=name; Thread.__init__(self)
defrun(self):
globalnr, nw, dr, dw
whileTrue:
# ⟨await nw == 0 then nr += 1⟩
e.acquire()
ifnw>0:
#if nw > 0 or dw > 0 :
dr+=1; e.release(); r.acquire()
nr+=1
ifdr>0: dr-=1; r.release()
else: e.release()
# read data
stdout.write(self.n+' reading\n')
sleep(1)
# ⟨nr -= 1⟩
e.acquire()
nr-=1
ifnr==0anddw>0:
dw-=1 ; w.release()
else: e.release()
class Writer(Thread):
def__init__(self, name):…
Chapter 4 Solutions
Modern Database Management
Ch. 4 - Define each of the following terms: determinant...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.2RQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.3RQCh. 4 - Describe the primary differences between the...Ch. 4 - Summarize six important properties of relations.Ch. 4 - Describe two properties that each candidate key...Ch. 4 - Describe the three types of anomalies that can...Ch. 4 - Demonstrate each of the anomaly types with an...Ch. 4 - Fill in the blanks in each of the following...Ch. 4 - What is a well-structured relation? Why are...
Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.11RQCh. 4 - Describe how the following components of an E-R...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.13RQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.14RQCh. 4 - Briefly describe four typical problems that often...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.16RQCh. 4 - Explain how each of the following types of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.18RQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.19RQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.20RQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.21RQCh. 4 - What is the relationship between the primary key...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.23RQCh. 4 - Explain what can be done with primary keys to...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.25RQCh. 4 - Explain three conditions that suggest a surrogate...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.27RQCh. 4 - For each of the following E-R diagrams from...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.29PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.30PAECh. 4 - For your answers to the following Problems and...Ch. 4 - Figure 4-3212 shows a class list for Millennium...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.33PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.34PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.35PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.36PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.37PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.38PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.39PAECh. 4 - Transform Figure 2-15a, attribute version, to 3NF...Ch. 4 - The Public Safety office at Millennium College...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.42PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.43PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.44PAECh. 4 - For your answers to Problem and Exercise 3-33 from...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.46PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.47PAECh. 4 - Figure 4-38 includes an EER diagram for a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.49PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.50PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.51PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.52PAECh. 4 - Figure 4-40 shows an EER diagram for a university...Ch. 4 - Explore the data included in Table 4-9. Assume...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.55PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.56PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.57PAECh. 4 - Prob. 4.58PAE
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