
Concept explainers
Introduction: Each financial transaction or economic event will affect either assets, liabilities or owners’ equity. Thus the basis for recording these transactions in the accounting system depends on the
Adjustments: Number of
The necessary adjustments for each of the given situations on December 31, 2017.

Answer to Problem 4.2.1P
Following are the adjustments required.
Depreciation expense $2,950- Supply expenses $19,350
- Customer deposits in advance $20,000
- Rent expenses $5,400
- Interest expense $3,000
- Wages expenses $500
Explanation of Solution
a. Adjustment for depreciation on office furniture purchased last year
Activity: Operating
Accounts:
Depreciation expense − Equipment. Increase
Equipment − Decrease.
Statements:
Balance sheet | Income Statement | ||||
Assets = | Liability + | Stockholders’ equity | Revenues - | Expenses = | Net income |
Equipment ($2,950) | ($2,950) | Depreciation Expense − Furniture $2,950 | ($2,950) |
b. Adjustment for supplies used during the year
Activity: Operating
Accounts: Supply inventory. Decrease
Supplies expense. Increase
Statements: Balance sheet and Income statement
Balance sheet | Income Statement | ||||
Assets = | Liability + | Stockholders’ equity | Revenues - | Expenses = | Net income |
Supply inventory ($19,350) | ($19,350) | Supply expenses $19,350 | ($19,350) |
Supplies consumed during the year
Supplies in hand on January 1, 2017 | $3,600 |
Supplies purchased during the year | $17,600 |
Less: Supplies in hand at the end of December 31, 2017 | ($1,850) |
Supplies consumed | $19,350 |
c. Adjustments for customer paid in advance.
Activity: Operating
Accounts: Customer deposits in advance. Decreases.
Revenue. Increase
Statement: Balance sheet and Income statement.
Balance sheet | Income Statement | ||||
Assets= | Liability + | Stockholders’ equity | Revenues - | Expenses = | Net income |
Customer deposit in advance ($20,000) | $20,000 | $20,000 | $20,000 |
Customer deposits for $24,000 received on August 1, 2017, to be used for six months.
As P Industries closes accounts in December every year. Hence deposits of five months from August to December can be used.
Customer deposit fivemonths $20,000 =
d. Adjustment for prepaid rent.
Activity: Operating
Accounts: Prepaid rent. Decreases
Rent expense. Increases
Statements: Balance sheet and income statement.
Balance sheet | Income Statement | ||||
Assets = | Liability + | Stockholders’ equity | Revenues - | Expenses = | Net income |
Prepaid rent ($5,400) | ($5,400) | Rent expense $5,400 | ($5,400) |
P rented warehouse on November 1, 2017, with three-month prepaid rent, as P closes account in December, only two months’ rent out of three months advance payment is expensed that is $5,400 =
e. Adjustment for Interest on notes payable
Activity: Financing
Accounts: Interest payable. Increases
Interest expense. Increases
Statement: Balance sheet and Income Statement.
Balance sheet | Income Statement | ||||
Assets = | Liability + | Stockholders’ equity | Revenues - | Expenses = | Net income |
Interest payable $3,000 | ($3,000) | Interest expense $3,000 | ($3,000) |
120 days note taken for $200,000 at 9 percent interest payable at maturity. Hence interest for only 60 days or first two months can be taken this year
f. Adjustment for wages payable
Activity: Operating
Accounts: Wages payable. Increases
Wages expense. Increases
Statements: Balance sheet and Income statement.
Balance sheet | Income Statement | ||||
Assets = | Liability + | Stockholders’ equity | Revenues - | Expenses = | Net income |
Wages payable $500 | ($500) | $500 | ($500) |
As wages are paid every Thursday and month-end is Sunday, only three days from Friday to Sunday require adjustment.
The average daily pay is $500. As wages are paid on every Thursday, therefore, only wages for one day is taken that is only Friday.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
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