Concept explainers
How many chlorine atoms are in each of the following?
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Chemistry In Focus
- A substance X2Z has the composition (by mass) of 40.0% X and 60.0% Z. What is the composition (by mass) of the compound XZ2?arrow_forwardWhen the supply of oxygen is limited, iron metal reacts with oxygen to produce a mixture of FeO and Fe2O3. In a certain experiment, 20.00 g iron metal was reacted with 11.20 g oxygen gas. After the experiment, the iron was totally consumed, and 3.24 g oxygen gas remained. Calculate the amounts of FeO and Fe2O3 formed in this experiment.arrow_forward1. Which of the following hydrocarbons has the highest mass percentage of carbon? methane, CH4 ethane, C2H6 propane, C3H8 butane, C4H10arrow_forward
- A 12.1-g sample of Na2SO3 is mixed with a 14.6-g sample of MgSO4. What is the total mass of oxygen present in the mixture?arrow_forwardA compound associated with the odor of garlic on a persons breath has the chemical formula CyH8S and a formula mass of 88.19 amu. What number does y stand for in the chemical formula of the compound?arrow_forwardTwo general chemistry students working together in the lab weigh out 0.832 g of CaCl2 2 H2O into a crucible. After heating the sample for a short time and allowing the crucible to cool, the students determine that the sample has a mass of 0.739 g. They then do a quick calculation. On the basis of this calculation, what should they do next? (a) Congratulate themselves on a job well done. (b) Assume the bottle of CaCl2 2 H2O was mislabeled; it actually contained something different. (c) Heat the crucible again, and then reweigh it.arrow_forward
- You have a pure sample of the antiseptic aminacrine, C13H10N2. Calculate the mass in grams of 0.06500 mol aminacrine. Calculate the number of aminacrine molecules in a 0.2480-g sample. Calculate the number of nitrogen atoms in this 0.2480-g sample. Calculate the mass of N in 100. g aminacrine.arrow_forwardYou have a pure sample of apholate, C12H24N9P3, a highly effective commercial insecticide. Calculate the molar mass of apholate. Calculate the mass of N in 100. g apholate. A sample containing 250.0 mg apholate is sprayed on an agricultural field. Calculate the mass of phosphorus in this sample of apholate; express your result in grams. Calculate the number of phosphorus atoms in this sample of apholate.arrow_forwardAn Alka-Seltzer tablet contains 324 mg of aspirin (C.9H8O4,), 1904 mg of NaHCO3, and 1000. mg of citric add (H3C6H5O7). (The last two compounds react with each other to provide the "fizz," bubbles of CO2, when the tablet is put into water.) (a) Calculate the amount (moles) of each substance in the tablet. (b) If you take one tablet, how many molecules of aspirin are you consuming?arrow_forward
- erhaps the most important concept in introductory chemistry concerns what a mole of a substance represents. The mole concept will come up again and again in later chapters in this book. What does one mole of a substance represent on a microscopic, atomic basis? What does one mole of a substance represent on a macroscopic, mass basis? Why have chemists defined the mole in this manner?arrow_forwardAccording to the law of conservation of mass, mass cannot be gained or destroyed in a chemical reaction. Why can't you simply add the masses of two reactants to determine the total mass of product? Choose the best answer and explain. One of the reactants could be present in excess, and not all of it will be used to make the product(s). The masses of the reactants must be converted to moles first and then added. Not all chemical reactions follow the law of conservation of mass, especially ones with mixed physical states present. The masses of the two reactants cannot be added until they are each multiplied by their coefficient in the balanced equation. It is only the molar masses that are conserved in chemical reactions, not the actual mass amounts given in the laboratory.arrow_forwardFind the item in column 2 that best explains or completes the statement or question in column 1. l type="a"> Column 1 i>1 amu 1008 amu mass of the “average” atom of an element number of carbon atoms in 12.01 g of carbon 6.0221023 molecules total mass of all atoms in 1 mole of a compound smallest whole-number ratio of atoms present in a molecule formula showing actual number of atoms present in a molecule product formed when any carbon-containing compound is burned in O2 i>have the same empirical formulas, but different molecular formulas Column 2 msp;6.0221023 i>atomic mass mass of 1000 hydrogen atoms benzene, C6H6 , and acetylene, C2H2 i>carbon dioxide empirical formula 1.661023g i>molecular formula molar mass 1 molearrow_forward
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