(a)
Interpretation:
The given reaction of Salicylic acid with acetic acid for the formation of aspirin has to be balanced.
Concept Introduction:
Balancing the equation:
- There is a Law for conversion of mass in a
chemical reaction i.e., the mass of total amount of the product should be equal to the total mass of the reactants. - First write the skeletal reaction from the given information.
- Then count the number of atoms of each element in reactants as well as products.
- Place suitable coefficients in front of reactants as well as products until the number of atoms on each side (reactants and products) becomes equal.
(a)

Explanation of Solution
Given reaction equation:
Balancing the chemical Equation:
Count the number of atoms on each side of the reaction.
Atom | Reactant side | Product side |
9 | 9 | |
10 | 10 | |
5 | 5 |
Yes, the number of atoms present on each side of the reaction is same. Hence, the given equation is already balanced.
(b)
Interpretation:
For the given reaction, the number of moles of aspirin that would form from
(b)

Explanation of Solution
Given reaction equation:
From the balanced equation, it is known that one mole of salicylic acid forms one mole of aspirin as product. That is,
For the given moles of salicylic acid, the number of moles of aspirin formed is,
Therefore, the number of moles of aspirin produced from given moles of salicylic acid is
(c)
Interpretation:
For the given reaction, the amout (in
Concept Introduction:
Moles:
Mole of the substance is found by dividing the mass of the substance by its molar mass.
Mass:
Mass of the compound is calculated by mole of the compound multiplied with molar mass of the compound.
(c)

Explanation of Solution
Given reaction equation:
From the balanced equation, it is known that one mole of salicylic acid forms one mole of aspirin as product. That is,
For the given moles of salicylic acid, the number of moles of aspirin formed is,
Thus, the number of moles of aspirin produced from given moles of salicylic acid is
The molar mass of aspirin is
Determine the mass of aspirin formed as follows,
Therefore, the amount of aspirin produced from given moles of salicylic acid is
(d)
Interpretation:
For the given reaction, the amout (in
Concept Introduction:
Refer part (c)
(d)

Explanation of Solution
Given reaction equation:
From the balanced equation, it is known that one mole of salicylic acid and one mole of acetic acid forms one mole of aspirin as product. That is,
From the moles of salicylic acid, the moles of acetic acid required is calculated as follows,
Thus, the number of moles of acetic acid that reacts with given moles of salicylic acid is
The molar mass of acetic acid is
Determine the mass of acetic acid required to react is found as follows,
Therefore, the amount of acetic acid required to react with given moles of salicylic acid is
(e)
Interpretation:
The amount (in
Concept Introduction:
Refer part (c)
(e)

Explanation of Solution
Given reaction equation:
The amount of acetic acid required to react with given moles of salicylic acid is
The molar mass of acetic acid is
Determine the moles of acetic acid as follows,
Thus, the moles of acetic acid is
From the balanced equation, it is known that one mole of salicylic acid and one mole of acetic acid forms one mole of aspirin as product. That is,
From the moles of acetic acid, the moles of aspirin formed is calculated as follows,
Thus, the moles of aspirin is
The molar mass of aspirin is
Determine the mass of aspirin formed as follows,
Therefore, the amount of aspirin produced from given moles of salicylic acid is
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