Biology
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259188121
Author: Peter Stiling, Robert Brooker, Linda Graham, Eric Widmaier
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 4, Problem 3CQ
Summary Introduction
To determine: The relation between invaginations of the inner mitochondrial membrane and the mitochondrial function.
Introduction: A eukaryotic cell consists of many cell organelles enclosed within a plasma membrane. Mitochondria and chloroplast are considered as semi-autonomous organelles because they possess the ability to grow and divide due to the presence of their own DNA. However, they are semi-autonomous as they depend on other parts of the cell, such as, cytosol to import their internal components.
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The inner membrane of the mitochondria is highly folded, creating structures known as , which aid in .
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Thylakoid membranes, Increasing surface area for energy production
Cristae, Increasing surface area for energy production
Cristae, Creating an impermeable barrier to hold in the mitochondrial matrix
Cristae, Increasing surface area to retain the mitochondrial DNA
Mutations that prevent Bax and Bak from interacting with the outer mitochondrial membrane
would
prevent the release of cytochrome c and inhibit intrinsic apoptosis.
prevent the release of cytochrome cand promote assembly of the apoptosome.
trigger the release of cytochrome c and promote intrinsic apoptosis.
trigger the release of cytochrome c and promote the assembly of the apoptosome.
trigger the release of cytochrome c and promote the cleavage of procaspase-8.
This statement is incorrect about mitochondrial membrane
Chapter 4 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 1BCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 2BCCh. 4.3 - Prob. 1BCCh. 4.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.3 - Prob. 2BCCh. 4.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.4 - Prob. 1BC
Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 4.4 - The Nucleus and Endomembrane System Experimental...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 2EQCh. 4.4 - Prob. 3EQCh. 4.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 4.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.5 - Core Skill: Connections Look ahead to Figure...Ch. 4.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 4.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 4 - The cell theory states that a. all living things...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2TYCh. 4 - Prob. 3TYCh. 4 - Prob. 4TYCh. 4 - Each of the following is part of the endomembrane...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6TYCh. 4 - Functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8TYCh. 4 - Prob. 9TYCh. 4 - Which of the following observations would not be...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1CQCh. 4 - Explain how motor proteins and cytoskeletal...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3CQCh. 4 - Discuss the roles of the genome and proteome in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2COQ
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- Examine Figure 11-13. Where are the electron carriers of the mitochondrial electron transport chain located— in the matrix, the membrane, or in the crista lumen? As they carry electrons, some of them also deposit protons (H+). Are the protons deposited in the matrix or in the crista lumen?arrow_forwardMatch each item with the correct statement below concerning the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis. You can choose a selection more than once. Question 61 options: Where do protons re-enter the mitochondrial matrix? What molecule is transported by facilitated diffusion? What are the electron donor molecules at the beginning of the chain? In what order are the components of the chain arranged? Where do electrons, protons, and oxygen meet to become water? What is the first protein complex of the chain? What moves into the intermembrane space? What accepts the electrons at the end of the chain? 1. increasing electronegativity 2. decreasing electronegativity 3. ATP 4. oxygen 5. protons 6. NADH/FADH2 7. NADH dehydrogenasearrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT part of mitochondrial structure? O Outer Membrane O Thylakoid membrane O Inner Membrane Mitochondrial matrix Cristaearrow_forward
- What is the structure of the following abstract? Answers are sentence by sentence with punctuation preserved. Ageing is an irreversible cellular decline partly driven by failing mitochondrial integrity. Mitochondria accumulate DNA mutations and reduce ATP production necessary for cellular metabolism. This is associated with inflammation. Near-infrared exposure increases retinal ATP in old mice via cytochrome c oxidase absorption and reduces inflammation. Here, we expose fruitflies daily to 670 nm radiation, revealing elevated ATP and reduced inflammation with age. Critically, there was a significant increase in average lifespan: 100–175% more flies survived into old age following 670 nm exposure and these had significantly improved mobility. This may be a simple route to extending lifespan and improving function in old age. B=Background Q=Question A=Approach R=Result L=Literal Interpretation S=Speculative interpretation Q. B. B. B. R,L. S:S. L. B. B. B. B. A,L.…arrow_forwardExplain the organization of electron carriers in mitochondrial membrane.arrow_forwardHow are proteins normally transported into the mitochondrial matrix, if they were originally synthesized on ribosomes present in the cytosol (not on the rough endoplasmic reticulum)? they are packaged into vesicles with v-SNARES for fusion with their target organelles they can pass freely through large pores in the inner mitochondrial membrane they are secreted by the golgi, captured by receptors, and absorbed by endosomes they must pass through the nuclear envelope by means of nuclear pores they are unfolded in the translocation channel, then refolded by chaperonesarrow_forward
- The fatty acid side chains of the phospholipids in the inner mitochondrial membrane exhibit a large proportion of multiple unsaturations. As a result, will the membrane be hydrophobic or hydrophilic? Also will it be more fluid or more rigid? How do these characteristics help explain the observation that the inner membrane is impermeable to ions such as Mg2+ and Cl–? Hint: what moves these ions through the membrane?arrow_forwardPlease explain the Electron Transport System how you understand it. Explanation The electron transport chain is a series of electron transporters embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane that shuttles electrons from NADH and FADH2 to molecular oxygen. In the process, protons are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix to the inter membrane space, and oxygen is reduced to form water. Question: Respond to the Explanation post above about the electron transport chain.arrow_forwardMitochondria · connect these terms: outer mitochondrial membrane, inner mitochondrial membrane, matrix, intermembrane spacearrow_forward
- Which of the following moves proteins across the outer mitochondrial membrane? SAM complex? TOM complex ? TIM 23 complex? TOC?arrow_forwardMitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell and feature a double membrane. A mutation was discovered in Drosophila melanogaster that prevented the formation of cristae in mitochondria. Which of the following would the researchers observe in Drosophila with this mutation? H+ ions could not be pumped into the intermembrane space. The components of the respiratory chain would not colocalize efficiently. NADH2 could not be transported from the cytoplasm into the mitochondria. Proteins synthesized in the cytoplasm would not be able to enter the mitochondria. i and ii i and iv ii and iii iii and ivarrow_forwardCell Mitochondria Mitochondrial DNA Which of the following statements correctly explains the function of the Mitochondria within a cell? The Mitochondria breaks down molecules that are not needed within the cell and returns some of the products of digestion to the cell for use in building new cell parts The Mitochondria prepares new macromolecules such as fats and lipids by sorting and encasing them before sending them to the correct destination within a cell The Mitochondria contains most of the genetic material within the cell and is responsible for gene expression and DNA replication when the cell divides O The mitochondria uses oxygen to convert sugar into chemical energy and controls the metabolism of the cell in a process known as cellular respiration.arrow_forward
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