Explanation Given The concentration of Mg 2 + is 125 ppm = 125 μg / L . Mass of Na 2 CO 3 is 4 g . One microgram is 10 − 6 grams. Therefore, 125 μg is equal to 125 × 10 − 6 = 1.25 × 10 − 4 g . The atomic mass of magnesium is 24.305 g / mol . The number of moles of magnesium is calculated by the formula, Number of moles = Mass Molar mass Substitute the value of mass and molar mass of magnesium in the above formula. Number of moles = 1.25 × 10 − 4 g 24.305 g / mol = 5.14 × 10 − 6 mol The molar concentration of Mg 2 + is 5.14 × 10 − 6 mol / L since the volume of the solution is one liter. The molar mass of Na 2 CO 3 is, 2 × 22.9897 g / mol + 12.0107 g / mol + 3 × 15.999 g / mol = 105.9898 g / mol The number of moles of Na 2 CO 3 is calculated by the formula, Number of moles = Mass Molar mass Substitute the value of mass and molar mass of Na 2 CO 3 in the above formula. Number of moles = 4 g 105.9898 g / mol = 3.77 × 10 − 2 mol The molar concentration of Na 2 CO 3 is 3.77 × 10 − 2 mol / L since the volume of the solution is one liter. Carbonate is a strong conjugate base of weak acid HCO 3 − . Therefore on addition of CO 3 2 − to the aqueous solution, carbonate reacts with water to form hydroxide ions. CO 3 2 − ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l ) → HCO 3 − ( a q ) + OH − ( a q ) The base dissociation constant, K b , of CO 3 2 − is 1.8 × 10 − 4 . The initial concentration and the concentration at equilibrium of each of the species in the above reaction is, CO 3 2 − ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l ) → HCO 3 − ( a q ) + OH − ( a q ) Initial ( M ) 3

Chemistry the Central Science 13th Edition Custom for Lamar University

13th Edition

ISBN: 9781269962667

Author: Theodore L. Brown, H. Eugene LeMay Jr., Bruce E. Bursten, Batherine J. Murphy, Patrick M. Woodward, Matthew W. Stoltzfus

Publisher: Pearson Learning Center

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Chapter 4, Problem 37E

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To determine: The possibility of Mg(OH)2 to precipitate on addition of given amount of Na2CO3 .

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Chapter 4, Problem 36E

Chapter 4, Problem 38E

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Chemistry the Central Science 13th Edition Custom for Lamar University

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The possibility of Mg ( OH ) 2 to precipitate on addition of given amount of Na 2 CO 3 .

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To determine: The possibility of Mg(OH)2 to precipitate on addition of given amount of Na2CO3 .

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Chapter 4 Solutions