
To determine: The comparison between the functioning of the heart replaced by scar tissue and normal heart function.
Introduction: The heart constitutes the primary organs of the system and the arteries, veins, and blood capillaries from the associated structures of the cardiovascular system. Among the blood vessels, the pulmonary artery, vein and aorta form the largest and most important vessel system.

Explanation of Solution
Chronic heart failure is the condition in which the body of an individual cannot pump sufficient amount of blood to the heart. This gradually develops and increases the frequency of heart attacks. Some of the symptoms of chronic heart failure that progresses over time are dyspnea (shortness of breath), swelling in the leg, and fatigue.
The lack of blood supply to the tissue of the heart causes the development of scar tissue which is a necrotic part of the heart that did not receive proper blood supply. The scar tissue or the damaged area does not contract and pump the blood due to loss of function.
As a consequence the damaged part of the heart hampers the functioning of the heart and causes more strain on the heart to effectively pump the blood to all the organs of the body. Contrastingly, the healthy heart with no scar tissue is able to pump the blood to all the organs without causing exertion on the muscles of the heart.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 4 Solutions
EBK ESSENTIALS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
- 1. Match each vocabulary term to its best descriptor A. affinity B. efficacy C. inert D. mimic E. how drugs move through body F. how drugs bind Kd Bmax Agonist Antagonist Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamicsarrow_forward50 mg dose of a drug is given orally to a patient. The bioavailability of the drug is 0.2. What is the volume of distribution of the drug if the plasma concentration is 1 mg/L? Be sure to provide units.arrow_forwardDetermine Kd and Bmax from the following Scatchard plot. Make sure to include units.arrow_forward
- Choose a catecholamine neurotransmitter and describe/draw the components of the synapse important for its signaling including synthesis, packaging into vesicles, receptors, transporters/degradative enzymes. Describe 2 drugs that can act on this system.arrow_forwardThe following figure is from Caterina et al. The capsaicin receptor: a heat activated ion channel in the pain pathway. Nature, 1997. Black boxes indicate capsaicin, white circles indicate resinferatoxin. a) Which has a higher potency? b) Which is has a higher efficacy? c) What is the approximate Kd of capsaicin in uM? (you can round to the nearest power of 10)arrow_forwardWhat is the rate-limiting-step for serotonin synthesis?arrow_forward
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education





