
Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781118539712
Author: Douglas C. Montgomery
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 4, Problem 198SE
a.
To determine
Find the
b.
To determine
Find the probability that the time until failure is at most 30,000 hours.
c.
To determine
Find the probability that the time until failure is between 20,000 and 30,000 hours.
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Questions
An insurance company's cumulative incurred claims for the last 5 accident years are given
in the following table:
Development Year
Accident Year 0
2018
1 2 3 4
245 267 274 289 292
2019
255 276 288 294
2020
265 283 292
2021
263 278
2022
271
It can be assumed that claims are fully run off after 4 years. The premiums received for
each year are:
Accident Year Premium
2018
306
2019
312
2020
318
2021
326
2022
330
You do not need to make any allowance for inflation.
1. (a) Calculate the reserve at the end of 2022 using the basic chain ladder method.
(b) Calculate the reserve at the end of 2022 using the Bornhuetter-Ferguson method.
2. Comment on the differences in the reserves produced by the methods in Part 1.
To help consumers in purchasing a laptop computer, Consumer Reports calculates an overall test score for each computer tested based upon rating factors such as ergonomics, portability, performance, display, and battery life. Higher overall scores indicate better test results. The following data show the average retail price and the overall score for ten 13-inch models (Consumer Reports website, October 25, 2012).
Brand & Model
Price ($)
Overall Score
Samsung Ultrabook NP900X3C-A01US
1250
83
Apple MacBook Air MC965LL/A
1300
83
Apple MacBook Air MD231LL/A
1200
82
HP ENVY 13-2050nr Spectre XT
950
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Sony VAIO SVS13112FXB
800
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Acer Aspire S5-391-9880 Ultrabook
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Apple MacBook Pro MD101LL/A
1200
74
Apple MacBook Pro MD313LL/A
1000
73
Dell Inspiron I13Z-6591SLV
700
67
Samsung NP535U3C-A01US
600
63
a. Select a scatter diagram with price as the independent variable.
b. What does the scatter diagram developed in part (a) indicate about the relationship…
To the Internal Revenue Service, the reasonableness of total itemized deductions depends on the taxpayer’s adjusted gross income. Large deductions, which include charity and medical deductions, are more reasonable for taxpayers with large adjusted gross incomes. If a taxpayer claims larger than average itemized deductions for a given level of income, the chances of an IRS audit are increased. Data (in thousands of dollars) on adjusted gross income and the average or reasonable amount of itemized deductions follow.
Adjusted Gross Income ($1000s)
Reasonable Amount ofItemized Deductions ($1000s)
22
9.6
27
9.6
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10.1
48
11.1
65
13.5
85
17.7
120
25.5
Compute b1 and b0 (to 4 decimals).b1 b0 Complete the estimated regression equation (to 2 decimals). = + x
Predict a reasonable level of total itemized deductions for a taxpayer with an adjusted gross income of $52.5 thousand (to 2 decimals). thousand dollarsWhat is the value, in dollars, of…
Chapter 4 Solutions
Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers
Ch. 4.2 - 4-1. Suppose that f(x) = e−x for 0 < x. Determine...Ch. 4.2 - 4-2. Suppose that f (x) = 3(8x – x2)/256 for 0< x...Ch. 4.2 - 4-3. Suppose that f (x) = 0.5 cos x for −π/2 < x <...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 4ECh. 4.2 - 4-5. Go Tutorial Suppose that for 3 < x < 5....Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 6ECh. 4.2 - 4-7. Suppose that f(x) = 1 .5x2 for −1 < x < 1....Ch. 4.2 - 4-8. The probability density function of the time...Ch. 4.2 - 4-9. The probability density function of the net...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 4.2 - 4-11. The probability density function of the...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 12ECh. 4.2 - 4-13. A test instrument needs to be calibrated...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 15ECh. 4.2 - Prob. 16ECh. 4.3 - 4-17. Suppose that the cumulative distribution...Ch. 4.3 - 4-18. Suppose that the cumulative distribution...Ch. 4.3 - 4-19. Determine the cumulative distribution...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 20ECh. 4.3 - 4-21. Determine the cumulative distribution...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 22ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 23ECh. 4.3 - 4-24. Determine the cumulative distribution...Ch. 4.3 - 4-25. Determine the cumulative distribution...Ch. 4.3 - 4-26. The probability density function of the time...Ch. 4.3 - 4-27. The gap width is an important property of a...Ch. 4.3 - Determine the probability density function for...Ch. 4.3 - Determine the probability density function for...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 30ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 31ECh. 4.3 - Prob. 33ECh. 4.4 - 4-35. Suppose that f(x) = 0.25 for 0 < x < 4....Ch. 4.4 - 4-36. Suppose that f(x) = 0.125x for 0 < x < 4....Ch. 4.4 - 4-37. Suppose that f(x) = 1.5x2 for −1< x < 1....Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 38ECh. 4.4 - Prob. 39ECh. 4.4 - Prob. 40ECh. 4.4 - Prob. 41ECh. 4.4 - 4.42 Determine the mean and variance of the random...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 43ECh. 4.4 - 4-45. Suppose that contamination particle size (in...Ch. 4.4 - 4-46. Suppose that the probability density...Ch. 4.4 - 4-47. The thickness of a conductive coating in...Ch. 4.4 - 4-48. The probability density function of the...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 49ECh. 4.5 - 4-50. Suppose that X has a continuous uniform...Ch. 4.5 - 4-51. Suppose X has a continuous uniform...Ch. 4.5 - 4-52. The net weight in pounds of a packaged...Ch. 4.5 - 4-53. The thickness of a flange on an aircraft...Ch. 4.5 - Prob. 54ECh. 4.5 - Prob. 55ECh. 4.5 - 4-56. An adult can lose or gain two pounds of...Ch. 4.5 - 4-57. A show is scheduled to start at 9:00 a.m.,...Ch. 4.5 - 4-58. The volume of a shampoo filled into a...Ch. 4.5 - 4-59. An e-mail message will arrive at a time...Ch. 4.5 - 4-60. Measurement error that is continuous and...Ch. 4.5 - 4-61. A beacon transmits a signal every 10 minutes...Ch. 4.5 - Prob. 62ECh. 4.6 - 4-63. Use Appendix Table III to determine the...Ch. 4.6 - 4-64. Use Appendix Table III to determine the...Ch. 4.6 - 4-65. Assume that Z has a standard normal...Ch. 4.6 - 4-66. Assume that Z has a standard normal...Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 67ECh. 4.6 - Prob. 68ECh. 4.6 - Prob. 69ECh. 4.6 - 4-70. Assume that X is normally distributed with a...Ch. 4.6 - 4-71. The compressive strength of samples of...Ch. 4.6 - 4-72. The time until recharge for a battery in a...Ch. 4.6 - 4-73. An article in Knee Surgery Sports Traumatol...Ch. 4.6 - 4-74. Cholesterol is a fatty substance that is an...Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 75ECh. 4.6 - 4-76. The fill volume of an automated filling...Ch. 4.6 - 4-77. In the previous exercise, suppose that the...Ch. 4.6 - 4-78. A driver’s reaction time to visual stimulus...Ch. 4.6 - 4-79. The speed of a file transfer from a server...Ch. 4.6 - 4-80. In 2002, the average height of a woman aged...Ch. 4.6 - 4-81. In an accelerator center, an experiment...Ch. 4.6 - 4-82. The demand for water use in Phoenix in 2003...Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 83ECh. 4.6 - 4-84. The diameter of the dot produced by a...Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 85ECh. 4.6 - Prob. 86ECh. 4.6 - Prob. 87ECh. 4.6 - 4-88. A study by Bechtel et al., 2009, described...Ch. 4.6 - 4-89. An article in Atmospheric Chemistry and...Ch. 4.6 - 4-90. The length of stay at a specific emergency...Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 91ECh. 4.6 - 4-92. An article in Microelectronics Reliability...Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 93ECh. 4.6 - 4-94. An article in the Journal of Cardiovascular...Ch. 4.7 - 4-95. Suppose that X is a binomial random variable...Ch. 4.7 - 4-96. Suppose that X is a Poisson random variable...Ch. 4.7 - 4-97. Suppose that X has a Poisson distribution...Ch. 4.7 - 4-98. The manufacturing of semiconductor chips...Ch. 4.7 - 4-99. There were 49.7 million people with some...Ch. 4.7 - 4-100. Phoenix water is provided to approximately...Ch. 4.7 - 4-101. An electronic office product contains 5000...Ch. 4.7 - 4-102. A corporate Web site contains errors on 50...Ch. 4.7 - 4-103. Suppose that the number of asbestos...Ch. 4.7 - 4-104. A high-volume printer produces minor...Ch. 4.7 - 4-105. Hits to a high-volume Web site are assumed...Ch. 4.7 - 4-106. An acticle in Biometrics [“Integrative...Ch. 4.7 - 4-107. An article in Atmospheric Chemistry and...Ch. 4.7 - 4-108. A set of 200 independent patients take...Ch. 4.7 - Prob. 109ECh. 4.7 - 4-110. Cabs pass your workplace according to a...Ch. 4.7 - 4-111. The number of (large) inclusions in cast...Ch. 4.8 - 4-112. Suppose that X has an exponential...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 113ECh. 4.8 - 4-114. Suppose that X has an exponential...Ch. 4.8 - 4-115. Suppose that the counts recorded by a...Ch. 4.8 - 4-116. Suppose that the log-ons to a computer...Ch. 4.8 - 4-117. The time between calls to a plumbing supply...Ch. 4.8 - 4-118. The life of automobile voltage regulators...Ch. 4.8 - 4-119. Suppose that the time to failure (in hours)...Ch. 4.8 - 4-120. The time between the arrival of electronic...Ch. 4.8 - 4-121. The time between arrivals of taxis at a...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 122ECh. 4.8 - 4-123. According to results from the analysis of...Ch. 4.8 - 4-124. The distance between major cracks in a...Ch. 4.8 - 4-125. The lifetime of a mechanical assembly in a...Ch. 4.8 - 4-126. The time between arrivals of small aircraft...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 127ECh. 4.8 - Prob. 128ECh. 4.8 - Prob. 129ECh. 4.8 - Prob. 130ECh. 4.8 - Prob. 131ECh. 4.8 - Prob. 132ECh. 4.8 - Prob. 133ECh. 4.8 - 4-134. Requests for service in a queuing model...Ch. 4.8 - 4-135. An article in Vaccine [“Modeling the...Ch. 4.8 - 4-136. An article in Ad Hoc Networks [“Underwater...Ch. 4.9 - 4-137. Use the properties of the gamma function to...Ch. 4.9 - Prob. 138ECh. 4.9 - 4-139. Calls to a telephone system follow a...Ch. 4.9 - Prob. 140ECh. 4.9 - Prob. 141ECh. 4.9 - Prob. 142ECh. 4.9 - Prob. 143ECh. 4.9 - Prob. 144ECh. 4.9 - Prob. 145ECh. 4.9 - Prob. 146ECh. 4.9 - Prob. 147ECh. 4.9 - 4-148. Use the result for the gamma distribution...Ch. 4.9 - Prob. 149ECh. 4.9 - 4-150. The total service time of a multistep...Ch. 4.9 - Prob. 151ECh. 4.9 - 4-152. An article in Mathematical Biosciences...Ch. 4.10 - Prob. 153ECh. 4.10 - Prob. 154ECh. 4.10 - Prob. 155ECh. 4.10 - Prob. 156ECh. 4.10 - Prob. 157ECh. 4.10 - 4-158. Assume that the life of a packaged magnetic...Ch. 4.10 - Prob. 159ECh. 4.10 - Prob. 160ECh. 4.10 - Prob. 162ECh. 4.10 - Prob. 163ECh. 4.10 - Prob. 164ECh. 4.10 - Prob. 165ECh. 4.10 - Prob. 167ECh. 4.10 - Prob. 168ECh. 4.10 - Prob. 169ECh. 4.11 - 4-170. Suppose that X has a lognormal distribution...Ch. 4.11 - Prob. 171ECh. 4.11 - 4-172. Suppose that X has a lognormal distribution...Ch. 4.11 - 4-173. The length of time (in seconds) that a user...Ch. 4.11 - 4-174. Suppose that X has a lognormal distribution...Ch. 4.11 - 4-175. The lifetime of a semiconductor laser has a...Ch. 4.11 - Prob. 176ECh. 4.11 - Prob. 177ECh. 4.11 - Prob. 178ECh. 4.11 - Prob. 179ECh. 4.11 - Prob. 180ECh. 4.11 - Prob. 181ECh. 4.11 - Prob. 182ECh. 4.11 - Prob. 183ECh. 4.12 - Prob. 184ECh. 4.12 - Prob. 185ECh. 4.12 - Prob. 186ECh. 4.12 - Prob. 187ECh. 4.12 - Prob. 188ECh. 4.12 - Prob. 189ECh. 4.12 - Prob. 190ECh. 4.12 - Prob. 191ECh. 4 - Prob. 192SECh. 4 - Prob. 193SECh. 4 - Prob. 194SECh. 4 - 4-195. + The length of an injection-molded plastic...Ch. 4 - 4-196. + The sick-leave time of employees in a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 197SECh. 4 - Prob. 198SECh. 4 - 4-199. + When a bus service reduces fares, a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 200SECh. 4 - Prob. 201SECh. 4 - Prob. 202SECh. 4 - Prob. 203SECh. 4 - Prob. 204SECh. 4 - 4-205. + The CPU of a personal computer has a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 206SECh. 4 - Prob. 207SECh. 4 - Prob. 208SECh. 4 - 4-209. + Without an automated irrigation system,...Ch. 4 - 4-210. With an automated irrigation system, a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 211SECh. 4 - Prob. 212SECh. 4 - Prob. 213SECh. 4 - Prob. 214SECh. 4 - Prob. 215SECh. 4 - Prob. 216SECh. 4 - 4-217. + A square inch of carpeting contains 50...Ch. 4 - Prob. 218SECh. 4 - Prob. 219SECh. 4 - 4-221. Consider the regional right ventricle...Ch. 4 - Prob. 222SECh. 4 - Prob. 223SECh. 4 - Prob. 224SECh. 4 - Prob. 225SECh. 4 - Prob. 226SECh. 4 - Prob. 227SECh. 4 - Prob. 228SECh. 4 - Prob. 229SECh. 4 - Prob. 230SECh. 4 - Prob. 231SECh. 4 - Prob. 232SECh. 4 - Prob. 233SECh. 4 - 4-234. A process is said to be of six-sigma...
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