The pH is maintained in the respiratory system. For example: lungs by the exchange of the oxygen and carbon dioxide gas through the alveoli or air sacs. The carbon dioxide gas reaches the blood vessels, where carbonic acid is formed by the action of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. Carbonic acid acts as a buffer and maintains the concentration of the hydrogen and bicarbonate ions. The urinary system involves the kidney where the pH (power of hydronium ions) is maintained by the flow of the hydrogen, sodium, potassium and ammonia ions across the membranes of the nephrons. The secretion, excretion and re-absorption of the ions maintain the pH in the urinary system.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 13A

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The pH is maintained in the respiratory system. For example: lungs by the exchange of the oxygen and carbon dioxide gas through the alveoli or air sacs. The carbon dioxide gas reaches the blood vessels, where carbonic acid is formed by the action of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. Carbonic acid acts as a buffer and maintains the concentration of the hydrogen and bicarbonate ions. The urinary system involves the kidney where the pH (power of hydronium ions) is maintained by the flow of the hydrogen, sodium, potassium and ammonia ions across the membranes of the nephrons. The secretion, excretion and re-absorption of the ions maintain the pH in the urinary system.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

19. On the diagram below a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA. b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing. c. Add the following details to the diagram. Promoter region TATA box Transcription start site Transcription terminator Intron (A,B,C,D) Exons (1,2,3,4,5) Splice sites 5' cap 5' UTR (untranslated region) 3' poly A tail 3' UTR (untranslated region) Translational start (AUG) Translational stop (UGA, UAG, or UAA) N and C ends of polypeptide 0000

Match the letter labels in the figure below to the terms. Some letter labels are not used. MNNNNNNIN M C B A M D F E H K G 8

The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions. 1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction? 2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe: a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why? b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for? 3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale. 4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale. Mutation 1 Mutation 2