Probability and Statistics for Engineering and the Sciences
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305251809
Author: Jay L. Devore
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 104SE
When circuit boards used in the manufacture of compact disc players are tested, the long-run percentage of defectives is 5%. Suppose that a batch of 250 boards has been received and that the condition of any particular board is independent of that of any other board.
a. What is the approximate
b. What is the approximate probability that there are exactly 10 defectives in the batch?
Expert Solution & Answer
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+
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Table 2: Crack Experiment for Exercise 2
A B C D Treatment Combination
(1)
Replicate
I II
7.037
6.376
14.707 15.219
|++++ 1
བྱ॰༤༠སྦྱོ སྦྱོཋཏྟཱུ
a
b
ab
11.635 12.089
17.273 17.815
с
ас
10.403 10.151
4.368 4.098
bc
abc
9.360 9.253
13.440 12.923
d
8.561 8.951
ad
16.867 17.052
bd
13.876 13.658
abd
19.824 19.639
cd
11.846 12.337
acd
6.125
5.904
bcd
11.190 10.935
abcd
15.653 15.053
Question 3
Continuation of Exercise 2. One of the variables in the experiment described in Exercise 2, heat treatment
method (C), is a categorical variable. Assume that the remaining factors are continuous.
(a) Write two regression models for predicting crack length, one for each level of the heat treatment method
variable. What differences, if any, do you notice in these two equations?
(b) Generate appropriate response surface contour plots for the two regression models in part (a).
(c) What set of conditions would you recommend for the factors A, B, and D if you use heat treatment method
C = +?
(d) Repeat…
Question 2
A nickel-titanium alloy is used to make components for jet turbine aircraft engines. Cracking is a potentially
serious problem in the final part because it can lead to nonrecoverable failure. A test is run at the parts producer
to determine the effect of four factors on cracks. The four factors are: pouring temperature (A), titanium content
(B), heat treatment method (C), amount of grain refiner used (D). Two replicates of a 24 design are run, and
the length of crack (in mm x10-2) induced in a sample coupon subjected to a standard test is measured. The
data are shown in Table 2.
1
(a) Estimate the factor effects. Which factor effects appear to be large?
(b) Conduct an analysis of variance. Do any of the factors affect cracking? Use a = 0.05.
(c) Write down a regression model that can be used to predict crack length as a function of the significant
main effects and interactions you have identified in part (b).
(d) Analyze the residuals from this experiment.
(e) Is there an…
A 24-1 design has been used to investigate the effect of four factors on the resistivity of a silicon wafer. The data
from this experiment are shown in Table 4.
Table 4: Resistivity Experiment for Exercise 5
Run
A
B
с
D
Resistivity
1
23
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
I+I+I+I+Oooo
0
0
||++TI++o000
33.2
4.6
31.2
9.6
40.6
162.4
39.4
158.6
63.4
62.6
58.7
0
0
60.9
3
(a) Estimate the factor effects. Plot the effect estimates on a normal probability scale.
(b) Identify a tentative model for this process. Fit the model and test for curvature.
(c) Plot the residuals from the model in part (b) versus the predicted resistivity. Is there any indication on
this plot of model inadequacy?
(d) Construct a normal probability plot of the residuals. Is there any reason to doubt the validity of the
normality assumption?
Chapter 4 Solutions
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and the Sciences
Ch. 4.1 - The current in a certain circuit as measured by an...Ch. 4.1 - Suppose the reaction temperature X (in C) in a...Ch. 4.1 - The error involved in making a certain measurement...Ch. 4.1 - Let X denote the vibratory stress (psi) on a wind...Ch. 4.1 - A college professor never finishes his lecture...Ch. 4.1 - The actual tracking weight of a stereo cartridge...Ch. 4.1 - The article Second Moment Reliability Evaluation...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 8ECh. 4.1 - Based on an analysis of sample data, the article...Ch. 4.1 - A family of pdfs that has been used to approximate...
Ch. 4.2 - Let X denote the amount of time a book on two-hour...Ch. 4.2 - The cdf for X (= measurement error) of Exercise 3...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 13ECh. 4.2 - The article Modeling Sediment and Water Column...Ch. 4.2 - Let X denote the amount of space occupied by an...Ch. 4.2 - The article A Model of Pedestrians Waiting Times...Ch. 4.2 - Let X have a uniform distribution on the interval...Ch. 4.2 - Let X denote the voltage at the output of a...Ch. 4.2 - Let X be a continuous rv with cdf...Ch. 4.2 - Consider the pdf for total waiting time Y for two...Ch. 4.2 - An ecologist wishes to mark off a circular...Ch. 4.2 - The weekly demand for propane gas (in 1000s of...Ch. 4.2 - If the temperature at which a certain compound...Ch. 4.2 - Let X have the Pareto pdf f(x;k,)={kkxk+1x0x...Ch. 4.2 - Let X be the temperature in C at which a certain...Ch. 4.2 - Let X be the total medical expenses (in 1000s of...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 27ECh. 4.3 - Let Z be a standard normal random variable and...Ch. 4.3 - In each case, determine the value of the constant...Ch. 4.3 - Find the following percentiles for the standard...Ch. 4.3 - Determine z for the following values of : a. =...Ch. 4.3 - Suppose the force acting on a column that helps to...Ch. 4.3 - Mopeds (small motorcycles with an engine capacity...Ch. 4.3 - The article Reliability of Domestic-Waste Biofilm...Ch. 4.3 - In a road-paving process, asphalt mix is delivered...Ch. 4.3 - Spray drift is a constant concern for pesticide...Ch. 4.3 - Suppose that blood chloride concentration (mmol/L)...Ch. 4.3 - There are two machines available for cutting corks...Ch. 4.3 - The defect length of a corrosion defect in a...Ch. 4.3 - The article Monte Carlo SimulationTool for Better...Ch. 4.3 - The automatic opening device of a military cargo...Ch. 4.3 - The temperature reading from a thermocouple placed...Ch. 4.3 - Vehicle speed on a particular bridge in China can...Ch. 4.3 - If bolt thread length is normally distributed,...Ch. 4.3 - A machine that produces ball bearings has...Ch. 4.3 - The Rockwell hardness of a metal is determined by...Ch. 4.3 - The weight distribution of parcels sent in a...Ch. 4.3 - Suppose Appendix Table A.3 contained (z) only for...Ch. 4.3 - Consider babies born in the normal range of 3743...Ch. 4.3 - In response to concerns about nutritional contents...Ch. 4.3 - Chebyshevs inequality, (see Exercise 44, Chapter...Ch. 4.3 - Let X denote the number of flaws along a 100-m...Ch. 4.3 - Let X have a binomial distribution with parameters...Ch. 4.3 - Suppose that 10% of all steel shafts produced by a...Ch. 4.3 - Suppose only 75% of all drivers in a certain state...Ch. 4.3 - Show that the relationship between a general...Ch. 4.3 - a. Show that if X has a normal distribution with...Ch. 4.3 - There is no nice formula for the standard normal...Ch. 4.4 - Let X = the time between two successive arrivals...Ch. 4.4 - Let X denote the distance (m) that an animal moves...Ch. 4.4 - Data collected at Toronto Pearson International...Ch. 4.4 - The article Microwave Observations of Daily...Ch. 4.4 - A consumer is trying to decide between two...Ch. 4.4 - Evaluate the following: a. (6) b. (5/2) c. F(4; 5)...Ch. 4.4 - Let X denote the data transfer time (ms) in a grid...Ch. 4.4 - The two-parameter gamma distribution can be...Ch. 4.4 - Suppose that when a transistor of a certain type...Ch. 4.4 - The special case of the gamma distribution in...Ch. 4.4 - A system consists of five identical components...Ch. 4.4 - If X has an exponential distribution with...Ch. 4.4 - a. The event {X2 y} is equivalent to what event...Ch. 4.5 - The lifetime X (in hundreds of hours) of a certain...Ch. 4.5 - The authors of the article A Probabilistic...Ch. 4.5 - Prob. 74ECh. 4.5 - Let X have a Weibull distribution with the pdf...Ch. 4.5 - The article The Statistics of Phytotoxic Air...Ch. 4.5 - Prob. 77ECh. 4.5 - The article On Assessing the Accuracy of Offshore...Ch. 4.5 - Nonpoint source loads are chemical masses that...Ch. 4.5 - a. Use Equation (4.13) to write a formula for the...Ch. 4.5 - Sales delay is the elapsed time between the...Ch. 4.5 - As in the case of the Weibull and Gamma...Ch. 4.5 - What condition on and is necessary for the...Ch. 4.5 - Suppose the proportion X of surface area in a...Ch. 4.5 - Let X have a standard beta density with parameters...Ch. 4.5 - Stress is applied to a 20-in. steel bar that is...Ch. 4.6 - The accompanying normal probability plot was...Ch. 4.6 - A sample of 15 female collegiate golfers was...Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 89ECh. 4.6 - The article A Probabilistic Model of Fracture in...Ch. 4.6 - Construct a normal probability plot for the...Ch. 4.6 - The article The Load-Life Relationship for M50...Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 93ECh. 4.6 - The accompanying observations are precipitation...Ch. 4.6 - Use a statistical software package to construct a...Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 96ECh. 4.6 - The following failure time observations (1000s of...Ch. 4 - Let X = the time it takes a read/write head to...Ch. 4 - Prob. 99SECh. 4 - Let X denote the time to failure (in years) of a...Ch. 4 - The completion time X for a certain task has cdf...Ch. 4 - Let X represent the number of individuals who...Ch. 4 - The article Computer Assisted Net Weight...Ch. 4 - When circuit boards used in the manufacture of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 105SECh. 4 - The reaction time (in seconds) to a certain...Ch. 4 - Let X denote the temperature at which a certain...Ch. 4 - An oocyte is a female germ cell involved in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 109SECh. 4 - Prob. 110SECh. 4 - Prob. 111SECh. 4 - The article Error Distribution in Navigation (J....Ch. 4 - Prob. 113SECh. 4 - Suppose a particular state allows individuals...Ch. 4 - Let Ii be the input current to a transistor and I0...Ch. 4 - Prob. 116SECh. 4 - Prob. 117SECh. 4 - a. Suppose the lifetime X of a component, when...Ch. 4 - Prob. 119SECh. 4 - Prob. 120SECh. 4 - The article Three Sisters Give Birth on the Same...Ch. 4 - Let X denote the lifetime of a component, with f...Ch. 4 - Prob. 123SECh. 4 - Prob. 124SECh. 4 - A function g(x) is convex if the chord connecting...Ch. 4 - Let X have a Weibull distribution with parameters ...Ch. 4 - An individuals credit score is a number calculated...Ch. 4 - Prob. 128SE
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