Nature of Mathematics (MindTap Course List)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781133947257
Author: karl J. smith
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3.CR, Problem 1PS
To determine
a.
To explain:
A logical statement.
Expert Solution
Answer to Problem 1PS
Solution:
A logical statement is a declarative sentence that is either true or false, but not both true and false.
Explanation of Solution
Logic is a method of reasoning which accepts only those conclusions that are unable to avoid such that every concept is defined.
If the information is correct, then the statement is true. If not, the statement is false.
That is, a logical statement is a declarative sentence that is either true or false, but not both true and false.
A simple statement is a logical statement which contains one piece of information.
To determine
b.
To explain:
A tautology.
Expert Solution
Answer to Problem 1PS
Solution:
A tautology is a logical statement which is always true whatever the premises given.
Explanation of Solution
A tautology is logical statement in which the conclusion is equivalent to the premise.
That is, a tautology is a logical statement which is always true whatever the premises given.
To determine
c.
To explain:
The law of contraposition.
Expert Solution
Answer to Problem 1PS
Solution:
A conditional may always be replaced by its contrapositive without having its truth value affected.
Explanation of Solution
Not all the statements are equivalent in meaning. The converse and inverse statements have the same truth values as the contrapositive and the original statement.
That is,
This required result is called the law of contraposition.
A conditional may always be replaced by its contrapositive without having its truth value affected.
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Nature of Mathematics (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 1PSCh. 3.1 - IN YOUR OWN WORDS What do we mean by conjunction?...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 4PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 5PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 6PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 7PSCh. 3.1 - According to the definition, which of the examples...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 9PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 10PS
Ch. 3.1 - Answer the questions in Problems 914 about the...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 12PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 13PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 14PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 15PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 16PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 17PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 18PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 19PSCh. 3.1 - Write the negation of each statement in Problems...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 21PSCh. 3.1 - Write the negation of each statement in Problems...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 23PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 24PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 25PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 26PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 27PSCh. 3.1 - Let p: Prices will rise;q: Taxes will rise....Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 29PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 30PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 31PSCh. 3.1 - Let p: Today is Friday;q: There is homework...Ch. 3.1 - Assume p is T and q is T. Under these assumptions,...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 34PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 35PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 36PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 37PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 38PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 39PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 40PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 41PSCh. 3.1 - Translate the word statements in Problems 4149...Ch. 3.1 - Translate the word statements in Problems 4149...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 44PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 45PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 46PSCh. 3.1 - Translate the word statements in Problems 4149...Ch. 3.1 - Translate the word statements in Problems 4149...Ch. 3.1 - Translate the word statements in Problems 4149...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 50PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 51PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 52PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 53PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 54PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 55PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 56PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 57PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 58PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 59PSCh. 3.1 - Prob. 60PSCh. 3.2 - In Your own words What is a truth table?Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 2PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 3PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 4PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 5PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 6PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 7PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 8PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 9PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 10PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 11PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 12PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 13PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 14PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 15PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 16PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 17PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 18PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 19PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 20PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 21PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 22PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 23PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 24PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 25PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 26PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 27PSCh. 3.2 - Write the converse, inverse, and contrapositive of...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 29PSCh. 3.2 - Write the converse, inverse, and contrapositive of...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 31PSCh. 3.2 - Translate the sentences in problems 31-38 into...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 33PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 34PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 35PSCh. 3.2 - Translate the sentences in problems 31-38 into...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 37PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 38PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 39PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 40PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 41PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 42PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 43PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 44PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 45PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 46PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 47PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 48PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 49PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 50PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 51PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 52PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 53PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 54PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 55PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 56PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 57PSCh. 3.2 - Prob. 58PSCh. 3.2 - Decide about the truth or falsity of the following...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 60PSCh. 3.3 - IN YOUR OWN WORDS Discuss the difference between...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 2PSCh. 3.3 - IN YOUR OWN WORDS Discuss when you use the symbols...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 4PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 5PSCh. 3.3 - Use the parking signs in this photograph to answer...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 7PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 8PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 9PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 10PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 11PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 12PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 13PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 14PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 15PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 16PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 17PSCh. 3.3 - Verify the indicated definition in Problems 15-18...Ch. 3.3 - Translate the statements in Problems 19-28 into...Ch. 3.3 - Translate the statements in Problems 19-28 into...Ch. 3.3 - Translate the statements in Problems 19-28 into...Ch. 3.3 - Translate the statements in Problems 19-28 into...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 23PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 24PSCh. 3.3 - Translate the statements in Problems 19-28 into...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 26PSCh. 3.3 - Translate the statements in Problems 19-28 into...Ch. 3.3 - Translate the statements in Problems 19-28 into...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 29PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 30PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 31PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 32PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 33PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 34PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 35PSCh. 3.3 - Prove the law of double negation by using a truth...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 37PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 38PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 39PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 40PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 41PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 42PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 43PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 44PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 45PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 46PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 47PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 48PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 49PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 50PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 51PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 52PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 53PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 54PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 55PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 56PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 57PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 58PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 59PSCh. 3.3 - Prob. 60PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 1PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 2PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 3PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 4PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 5PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 6PSCh. 3.4 - Determine whether each argument in Problems 5-8 is...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 8PSCh. 3.4 - Determine whether each argument in Problems 9-28...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 10PSCh. 3.4 - Determine whether each argument in Problems 9-28...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 12PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 13PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 14PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 15PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 16PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 17PSCh. 3.4 - Determine whether each argument in Problems 9-28...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 19PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 20PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 21PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 22PSCh. 3.4 - Determine whether each argument in Problems 9-28...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 24PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 25PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 26PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 27PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 28PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 29PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 30PSCh. 3.4 - Use a symbolic argument in Problems 29-32 to...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 32PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 33PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 34PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 35PSCh. 3.4 - prove that [(pq)p]q is an invalid argument. What...Ch. 3.4 - In Problems 37-48, form a valid conclusion, using...Ch. 3.4 - In Problems 37-48, form a valid conclusion, using...Ch. 3.4 - In Problems 37-48, form a valid conclusion, using...Ch. 3.4 - In Problems 37-48, form a valid conclusion, using...Ch. 3.4 - In Problems 37-48, form a valid conclusion, using...Ch. 3.4 - In Problems 37-48, form a valid conclusion, using...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 43PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 44PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 45PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 46PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 47PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 48PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 49PSCh. 3.4 - HISTORICAL QUEST In Problems 49-52, write a valid...Ch. 3.4 - HISTORICAL QUEST In Problems 49-52, write a valid...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 52PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 53PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 54PSCh. 3.4 - Prob. 55PSCh. 3.4 - The CASE OF THE TUMBLED TOWER Dwayne got up at...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 57PSCh. 3.4 - HISTORICAL QUEST Form valid conclusions in...Ch. 3.4 - HISTORICAL QUEST Form valid conclusions in...Ch. 3.4 - HISTORICAL QUEST Form valid conclusions in...Ch. 3.5 - For each of the situations in Problems 1 8,...Ch. 3.5 - For each of the situations in Problems 1 8,...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 3PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 4PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 5PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 6PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 7PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 8PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 9PSCh. 3.5 - Use the definitions and postulates given in...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 11PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 12PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 13PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 14PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 15PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 16PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 17PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 18PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 19PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 20PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 21PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 22PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 23PSCh. 3.5 - In a certain kingdom, there were knights and...Ch. 3.5 - Bear Problem A fox, hunting for a morsel of food,...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 26PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 27PSCh. 3.5 - Teacher Convention A group of 50 teachers and...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 29PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 30PSCh. 3.5 - Consider a silly game called Bluffhead in which...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 32PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 33PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 34PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 35PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 36PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 37PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 38PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 39PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 40PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 41PSCh. 3.5 - In Problems 37 54, fill in each blank with a...Ch. 3.5 - In Problems 37 54, fill in each blank with a...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 44PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 45PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 46PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 47PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 48PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 49PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 50PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 51PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 52PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 53PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 54PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 55PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 56PSCh. 3.5 - The Marble Players Four boys were playing marbles;...Ch. 3.5 - Whodunit? Daniel Kilraine was killed on a lonely...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 59PSCh. 3.5 - Prob. 60PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 1PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 2PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 3PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 4PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 5PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 6PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 7PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 8PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 9PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 10PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 11PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 12PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 13PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 14PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 15PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 16PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 17PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 18PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 19PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 20PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 21PSCh. 3.6 - Using both switches and simplified gates, design a...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 23PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 24PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 25PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 26PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 27PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 28PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 29PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 30PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 31PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 32PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 33PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 34PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 35PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 36PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 37PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 38PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 39PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 40PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 41PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 42PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 43PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 44PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 45PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 46PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 47PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 48PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 49PSCh. 3.6 - Write a truth table for the thermostat described...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 51PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 52PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 53PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 54PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 55PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 56PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 57PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 58PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 59PSCh. 3.6 - Prob. 60PSCh. 3.CR - Prob. 1PSCh. 3.CR - Prob. 2PSCh. 3.CR - Prob. 3PSCh. 3.CR - Prob. 4PSCh. 3.CR - Construct truth tables for the statements in...Ch. 3.CR - Prob. 6PSCh. 3.CR - Prob. 7PSCh. 3.CR - Prob. 8PSCh. 3.CR - Prob. 9PSCh. 3.CR - Prob. 10PSCh. 3.CR - Write the negation of each of the following...Ch. 3.CR - Prob. 12PSCh. 3.CR - Prob. 13PSCh. 3.CR - Consider this statement: All computers are...Ch. 3.CR - Prob. 15PSCh. 3.CR - Prob. 16PSCh. 3.CR - Prob. 17PSCh. 3.CR - Prob. 18PSCh. 3.CR - Prob. 19PSCh. 3.CR - Table Puzzle The mathematics department of a very...
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