Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780078024269
Author: Sylvia Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 37, Problem 4A
Which of these correctly the distribution of ions on either Side Of axon it is not conducting a nerve impulse?
- more sodium ions (Na+ ) outside and fewer potassium ions (K+) inside
- K+ outside and Na+ inside
- charged proteins outside; Na+ and K+ inside
- charged proteins inside
- Both a and d are correct.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following statements best describes the properties of a myelinated axons?
The axon has an even distribution of ion channels but it is covered by layers of myelin apart from short sections termed the nodes of Ranvier where there is no myelin.
The action potential is able to jump from node to node because the myelin sheath increases the length constant. There are very few ion channels underneath the myelin.
The density of Na+ channels at the nodes of Ranvier is very high but there are no K+ channels in myelinated axons.
The myelin sheath increases the rate of action potential conduction because the action potential underneath the myelin sheath travels faster than an action potential in an unmyelinated axon.
A graded potential that achieves threshold leads to the generation of an action
potential. Which one of the following statement/s regarding graded and action
potentials is/are true?
O graded potentials result from the opening of chemically gated sodium channels
O action potentials result from the opening of voltage gated sodium channels
O graded potentials result from the opening of calcium gated channels and action
potentials result from the opening of sodium gated channels
a and b
Next
Which of the following statements is TRUE about the depolarization phase of action potential?
Group of answer choices:
Na-K pump initiates depolarization.
Potassium ion channels quickly opens to allow efflux of ions.
Depolarization is characterized by the movement of calcium ions out of the cell.
Depolarization is primarily triggered by opening of sodium ion channels
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Chapter 37 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 37.1 - Prob. 1CYPCh. 37.1 - Prob. 2CYPCh. 37.1 - Prob. 3CYPCh. 37.2 - Prob. 1CYPCh. 37.2 - Prob. 2CYPCh. 37.2 - Prob. 3CYPCh. 37.3 - Prob. 1CYPCh. 37.3 - Prob. 2CYPCh. 37.3 - Prob. 3CYPCh. 37.4 - Prob. 1CYP
Ch. 37.4 - Prob. 2CYPCh. 37.4 - Prob. 3CYPCh. 37 - Prob. 1BS.1QCCh. 37 - Prob. 1BS.2QCCh. 37 - Prob. 1BS.3QCCh. 37 - Prob. 1NS.1QCCh. 37 - Prob. 1NS.2QCCh. 37 - Prob. 1NS.3QCCh. 37 - Prob. 1ACh. 37 - Prob. 2ACh. 37 - Prob. 3ACh. 37 - Which of these correctly the distribution of ions...Ch. 37 - Prob. 5ACh. 37 - Prob. 6ACh. 37 - Prob. 7ACh. 37 - Prob. 8ACh. 37 - Prob. 9ACh. 37 - Prob. 10ACh. 37 - Prob. 11ACh. 37 - Prob. 12ACh. 37 - Prob. 13ACh. 37 - Prob. 14ACh. 37 - Prob. 15ACh. 37 - Prob. 16ACh. 37 - Prob. 17ACh. 37 - Label this diagram of a reflex arc.Ch. 37 - Prob. 1TSCh. 37 - Prob. 2TSCh. 37 - Prob. 3TSCh. 37 - Prob. 4TS
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- Stellate cells initially process sensory input to the cortex, whereas pyramidal cells send fibers from the cortex to terminate on efferent motor neurons. (True or false)arrow_forwardAssume presynaptic excitatory neuron A terminates on a postsynaptic cell near the axon hillock and presynaptic excitatory neuron B terminates on the same postsynaptic cell on a dendrite located on the side of the cell body opposite the axon hillock. Explain why rapid firing of presynaptic neuron A could bring the postsynaptic neuron to threshold through temporal summation, thus initiating an action potential, whereas firing of presynaptic neuron B at the same frequency and the same magnitude of EPSPs may not bring the postsynaptic neuron to threshold.arrow_forwardChoose all that apply [Na*] + [K'] | + + + + This diagram is a drawing of normal conditions that occur in a neuron's axon (not all details are included). This stage that a living neuron would be in, would show that no positive ions are inside the cell current is traveling down the axon the cell will be at rest once the Na ions enter the cell the cell is at rest Na ions are predominantly outside the celarrow_forward
- If a potassium channel is held open for even longer, leading to an even bigger hyperpolarization of the cell what will happen in an afferent neuron? action potentials will have a larger amplitude action potentials will have a small amplitude less frequent action potentials in the neuron more frequent action potentials in the neuronarrow_forwardIf a neuron is stimulated simultaneously by 2 stimuli at its dendrites (one generates a very large hyperpolarizing potential and the other generates a very small depolarizing potential). What would happen to this neuron? Group of answer choices The summation of these two graded potentials will generate an action potential and this action potential will travel down the axon. Summation of these two graded potentials will cause the membrane potential at the axon hillock to be more negative. These graded potentials will bring the resting membrane potential to 0 mV. These graded potentials with opposite polarity would therefore generate two action potentials and they will travel along this neuron in opposite direction.arrow_forwardTetrodotoxin from pufferfish is a poison that blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels. Therefore it directly blocks exocytosis of neurotransmitter O action potentials excitatory graded potentials inhibitory graded potentialsarrow_forward
- The rising phase of the action potential is due to: Na+ influx through voltage-gated Na+ channels. Na+ efflux through voltage-gated Na+ channels. K+ influx through voltage-gated K+ channels. K* efflux through voltage-gated K+ channels. O Na+ influx through Na+ leak channels. Na efflux through Na+ leak channels. K+ influx through K+ leak channels. O K+ efflux through K+ leak channels.arrow_forwardAn EPSP facilitates depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane by O increasing the permeability of the membrane to K+. O stimulating the Na+-K+ pump. O allowing Cl- to enter the cell. O increasing the permeability of the membrane to Na+. O insulating the hillock region of the axon.arrow_forwardPut the events for action potential generation in a neuron in the correct order (From 1-9)arrow_forward
- Action potentials propagate in one direction because of: O K+ Voltage-gated Channels become inactive for a while O Nat Voltage-gated Channels become inactive for a while O K+ nongated Channels become inactive for a while O Nat nongated Channels become inactive for a whilearrow_forwardThe falling phase of the action potential is due to: Na+ influx through voltage-gated Na+ channels. O Na* efflux through voltage-gated Na* channels. OK* influx through voltage-gated K+ channels. O K+ efflux through voltage-gated K channels. O Nat influx through Na* leak channels. Na efflux through Na+ leak channels. O K+ influx through K+ leak channels. O K+ efflux through K+ leak channels.arrow_forwardIf a post synaptic neuron is stimulated to threshold by spatial summation this implies that the post synaptic cell has a lower than normal threshold the postsynaptic cell has many synapses with many presynaptic neurons the post synaptic cell is getting stimulated many times during a short period of time by a single presynaptic neuron the post synaptic cell is slow to repolarizearrow_forward
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