Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780133942651
Author: Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus)
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 36, Problem 9CQ
A 100-m-long train is heading for an 80-m-long tunnel. If the train moves sufficiently fast, is it possible, according to experimenters on the ground, for the entire train to be inside the tunnel at one instant of time? Explain.
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A 100-m-long train is heading for an 80-m-long tunnel. If the train moves sufficiently fast, is it possible, according to experimenters on the ground, for the entire train to be inside the tunnel at one instant of time? Explain.
Two atomic clocks are synchronized. One is placed on a satellite which orbits around the earth at high speeds for a whole year. The other is placed in a lab and remains at rest with respect to the earth. You may assume both clocks can measure time accurately to many significant digits.
a)Will the two clocks still be synchronized after one year?
b) imagine the speed of light is much lower than its actual value. How would the results of this experiment change if the speed of light was only twice the average speed of the satellite? Explain your reasoning using a calculation.
1. a) Two atomic clocks are synchronized. One is placed on a satellite, which orbits around the earth at high speed for a whole year. The other is placed in a lab and remains at rest, with respect to the earth. You may assume that both clocks can measure time accurately to many significant digits. Imagine that the speed of light was much slower than its actual value. How would the results of this experiment change if the speed of light was only twice the average speed of the satellite? Explain your reasoning, using a calculation.
b) Use Max Planck's quantum theory to explain the following behaviour of photoelectrons.
i) Low-intensity light does not release any photoelectrons. What will happen if the light is made brighter? Explain your reasoning.
ii) Low-intensity light releases photoelectrons. What will happen if the light is made brighter? Explain your reasoning.
ii) Low-intensity light does not release any photoelectrons. What will happen if the frequency of the light is gradually…
Chapter 36 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (4th Edition)
Ch. 36 - Prob. 1CQCh. 36 - Teenagers Sam and Tom are playing chicken in their...Ch. 36 - Prob. 3CQCh. 36 - Prob. 4CQCh. 36 - Prob. 5CQCh. 36 - Prob. 6CQCh. 36 - Prob. 7CQCh. 36 - Prob. 8CQCh. 36 - A 100-m-long train is heading for an 80-m-long...Ch. 36 - Prob. 10CQ
Ch. 36 - Event A occurs at spacetime coordinates (300 m, 2...Ch. 36 - A firecracker explodes in reference frame S at t =...Ch. 36 - At t = 1.0 s, a firecracker explodes at x = 10 m...Ch. 36 - A newspaper delivery boy is riding his bicycle...Ch. 36 - A baseball pitcher can throw a ball with a speed...Ch. 36 - Prob. 5EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 6EAPCh. 36 - Your job is to synchronize the clocks in a...Ch. 36 - Bjorn is standing at x = 600 m. Firecracker 1...Ch. 36 - Prob. 9EAPCh. 36 - You are standing at x 9.0 km and your assistant is...Ch. 36 - Prob. 11EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 12EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 13EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 14EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 15EAPCh. 36 - a. At what speed, as a fraction of c, must a...Ch. 36 - Prob. 17EAPCh. 36 - At what speed, in m/s, would a moving clock lose...Ch. 36 - Prob. 19EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 20EAPCh. 36 - 21. At what speed, as a fraction of c. will a...Ch. 36 - Prob. 22EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 23EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 24EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 25EAPCh. 36 - 26. A rocket travels in the x-direction at speed...Ch. 36 - Prob. 27EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 28EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 29EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 30EAPCh. 36 - A laboratory experiment shoots an electron to the...Ch. 36 - Prob. 32EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 33EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 34EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 35EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 36EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 37EAPCh. 36 - At what speed, as a fraction of c, must an...Ch. 36 - At what speed, as a fraction of c, is a particle’s...Ch. 36 - At what speed, as a fraction of c, is a particle’s...Ch. 36 - Prob. 41EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 42EAPCh. 36 - The diameter of the solar system is 10 light...Ch. 36 - A 30-m-long rocket train car is traveling from Los...Ch. 36 - Prob. 45EAPCh. 36 - Two events in reference frame S occu 10 µs apart...Ch. 36 - Prob. 47EAPCh. 36 - The Stanford Linear Accelerator (SLAC) accelerates...Ch. 36 - Prob. 49EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 50EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 51EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 52EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 53EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 54EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 55EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 56EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 57EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 58EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 59EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 60EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 61EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 62EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 63EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 64EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 65EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 66EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 67EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 68EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 69EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 70EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 71EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 72EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 73EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 74EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 75EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 76EAPCh. 36 - Prob. 77EAP
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- An atomic clock is placed in a jet airplane. The clock measures a time interval of 3600 s when the jet moves with a speed of 400 m/s. How much longer or shorter a time interval does an identical clock held by an observer on the ground measure? (Hint: For , γ ≈ 1 + v2/2c2.)arrow_forward(a) How fast would an athlete need to be running for a 100-m race to look 100 yd long? (b) Is the answer consistent with the fact that relativistic effects are difficult to observe in ordinary circumstances? Explain.arrow_forwardSuppose an astronaut is moving relative to the Earth at a significant fraction of the speed of light. (a) Does he observe the rate of his clocks to have slowed? (b) What change in the rate of Earth-bound clocks does he see? (c) Does his ship seem to him to shorten? (d) What about the distance between stars that lie on lines parallel to his motion? (e) Do he and an Earth-bound observer agree on his velocity relative to the Earth?arrow_forward
- An alien spaceship traveling at 0.600c toward the Earth launches a landing craft. The landing craft travels in the same direction with a speed of 0.800c relative to the mother ship. As measured on the Earth, the spaceship is 0.200 ly from the Earth when the landing craft is launched. (a) What speed do the Earth-based observers measure for the approaching landing craft? (b) What is the distance to the Earth at the moment of the landing crafts launch as measured by the aliens? (c) What travel time is required for the landing craft to reach the Earth as measured by the aliens on the mother ship? (d) If the landing craft has a mass of 4.00 105 kg, what is its kinetic energy as measured in the Earth reference frame?arrow_forwardSuppose an astronaut is moving relative to Earth at a significant fraction of the speed of light. (a) Does he observe the rate of his to have slowed? (b) What change in the rate of earthbound does he see? (c) Does his ship seem to him to shorten? (d) What about the distance between two stars that lie in the direction of his motion? (e) Do he and an earthbound observer agree on his velocity relative to Earth?arrow_forwardAn observer in a coasting spacecraft moves toward a mirror at speed v relative to the reference frame labeled S in Figure P39.85. The mirror is stationary with respect to S. A light pulse emitted by the spacecraft travels toward the mirror and is reflected back to the spacecraft. The spacecraft is a distance d from the mirror (as measured by observers in S) at the moment the light pulse leaves the spacecraft. What is the total travel time of the pulse as measured by observers in (a) the S frame and (b) the spacecraft?arrow_forward
- (a) All but the closest galaxies are receding from our own Milky Way Galaxy. If a galaxy 12.0109ly ly away is receding from us at 0. 0.900c, at what velocity relative to us must we send an exploratory probe to approach the other galaxy at 0.990c, as measured from that galaxy? (b) How long will it take the probe to reach the other galaxy as measured from the Earth? You may assume that the velocity of the other galaxy remains constant. (c) How long will it then take for a radio signal to be beamed back? (All of this is possible in principle, but not practical.)arrow_forwardA spacecraft zooms past the Earth with a constant velocity. An observer on the Earth measures that an undamaged clock on the spacecraft is ticking at one-third the rate of an identical clock on the Earth. What does an observer on the spacecraft measure about the Earth-based clocks ticking rate? (a) It runs more than three times faster than his own clock. (b) It runs three times faster than his own. (c) It runs at the same rate as his own. (d) It runs at one-third the rate of his own. (e) It runs at less than one-third the rate of his own.arrow_forwardThe Sun produces energy at a rate of 4.001026 W by the fusion of hydrogen. (a) How many kilograms of hydrogen undergo fusion each second? (b) If the Sun is 90.0% hydrogen and half of this can undergo fusion before the Sun changes character, how long could it produce energy at its current rate? (c) How many kilograms of mass is the Sun losing per second? (d) What fraction of its mass will it have lost in the time found in part (b)?arrow_forward
- The truck in Figure P39.1 is moving at a speed of 10.0 m/s relative to the ground. The person on the truck throws a baseball in the backward direction at a speed of 20.0 m/s relative to the truck. What is the velocity of the baseball as measured by the observer on the ground? Figure P39.1arrow_forward(a) Find the value of for the following situation. An astronaut measures the length of his spaceship to be 100 m, while an observer measures it to be 25.0 m. (b) What is the of the spaceship relative to Earth?arrow_forwardAn interstellar space probe is launched from Earth. After a brief period of acceleration, it moves with a constant velocity, 70.0% of the speed of light. Its nuclear-powered batteries supply the energy to keep its data transmitter active continuously. The batteries have a lifetime of 15.0 years as measured in a rest frame. (a) How long do the batteries on the space probe last as measured by mission control on Earth? (b) How far is the probe from Earth when its batteries fail as measured by mission control? (c) How far is the probe from Earth as measured by its built-in trip odometer when its batteries fail? (d) For what total time after launch are data received from the probe by mission control? Note dial radio waves travel at the speed of light and fill the space between the probe and Earth at the time the battery fails.arrow_forward
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