Prescott's Microbiology
Prescott's Microbiology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781260211887
Author: WILLEY, Sandman, Wood
Publisher: McGraw Hill
Question
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Chapter 36, Problem 1RC
Summary Introduction

To explain: Various chemotherapeutic treatments to control infection.

Introduction: Antimicrobial chemotherapy involves the use of antimicrobials or chemotherapeutic agents to control the spread of infections and diseases that are caused by pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, fungus, and viruses.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Explanation of Solution

The antimicrobial chemotherapy involves the use of antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral drugs depending on the type of infection.

  • The antibacterial can be broadly classified as bacteriostatic and bactericidal. Based on their mode of action the primary antibacterial include inhibitors that interfere with the synthesis of the cell membrane (polymyxins), cell wall (penicillin and vancomycin), proteins (tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides), nucleic acids (rifampicin and novobiocin) and folic acid (sulfonamides and trimethoprim) in bacteria.
  • The primary antifungals include inhibitors that interfere with the synthesis of the fungal cell membrane (polyenes and azoles) and nucleic acid synthesis (flucytosine).
  • The antivirals include neuraminidase inhibitors (Zanamivir and Oseltamivir), target cell blockers (Fuzeon and Amantadine), cytoplasmic inhibitors (Lamivudine and zidovudine) and protease inhibitors.

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