Chapter 35.1, Problem 1NV

Summary Introduction

To fill:

The correct term according to the given description.

Introduction:

Digestive system is one of the major organ systems of animals. The main function of digestive system is the breakdown and absorption of the food into the body.

Answer to Problem 1NV

The given blanks can be filled as follows:

S. no.	Correct term
1	Mechanical digestion
2	Chemical digestion
3	Amylase
4	Esophagus
5	Peristalsis
6	Pepsin
7	Small intestine
8	Liver
9	Villi
10	Large intestine

Explanation of Solution

Digestion is the process of breakdown and absorption of food in the body. The breakdown of large food particles into simpler components is called mechanical digestion. The breakdown of the bogger molecules into smaller ones is called chemical digestion.

Digestion of food starts in the mouth, where teeth perform mechanical digestion by chewing and slavery amylase in saliva breakdown starch in the mouth. The mouth is connected to the pharynx and from the pharynx, a pipe-like structure is extended, this pipe-like structure is called the esophagus. The esophagus connects the pharynx to the stomach. The food from the mouth is passed to the esophagus, in the esophagus, the food moves down with the help of rhythmic contractions, these contractions are called peristaltic movement.

Once the food reaches the stomach, it rests there for some time where the digestion of protein occurs with the help of the pepsin enzyme. The stomach is connected to the small intestine which is the longest part of the digestive system and site of food absorption.

In the small intestine, the bile juice from the liver, which is the largest internal organ of the body breaks down the fats. The small intestine has a finger-like projection on the inner membrane which helps in maximizing the area for the absorption of nutrients. After absorption of nutrients, the remaining portion of the food is transferred to the large intestine, which includes the appendix, colon and rectum.