Chapter 35, Problem 1CC

Summary Introduction

To complete: The given map that reviews the genetic and environmental components of animal behavior and their relationship to learning.

Introduction:

The action of behavior is carried by the muscles that are in control of the nervous system in response to environmental stimulus. Thus, the behavior of animal is the response from internal and external environmental stimulus.

Explanation of Solution

Pictorial representation:

Fig.1 shows the completed map that reviews the genetic and environmental components of animal behavior and their relationship to learning.

Fig.1: Components animal behavior and their relationship to learning.

(a)

Correct answer: Genetics.

The animal behavior is a combined effect of genetics and environment and both influence the learning in animals. However, genetics is the main cause of innate behaviors. Hence, the correct answer is genetics.

(b)

Correct answer: Fixed Action pattern (FAP).

FAP is an unchangeable series of action caused by a particular stimulus. Hence, the correct answer is FAP.

(c)

Correct answer: Imprinting.

Imprinting is the sensitive phase that occurs after the hatching of the young ones. The first person that the young ones see will imprint with them like the hatched newborns see their mother; so, they follow her in a straight line whenever she goes for a walk. Hence, the correct answer is imprinting.

(d)

Correct answer: Spatial learning.

Spatial learning is the memories of landmarks created by animals with in their environment. The landmarks include trees, water, and mountains to find their way to home. It helps them to find a mate, food, nest, and possible dangers. The landmarks include trees, water, and mountains to find their way to home. Hence, the correct answer is spatial learning

(e)

Correct answer: Associative learning.

Associative learning is the association of result with a particular action by animals like while training a dog an individual feeds them with treats on performing well in training so they associate the food with the behavior while they learn. Hence, the correct answer is associative learning.

(f)

Correct answer: Social learning.

Social learning is the learning from other’s behavior by just watching or observing them. In an experiment, many octopus were put through the maze, while one is going in the maze, the others were tend to watch and the next time when they perform, they remember the path and finish it within less time. This concludes that the animals watch and learn from other’s behavior for a particular situation. Hence, the correct answer is social learning.