Concept explainers
To compare:
Oxygen and carbon dioxide transport in the blood
Introduction:
Blood receives oxygen from air in the lungs and provides it to body cells at the same time blood absorbs carbon dioxide from cells and releases it into lungs. The exchange of gases occurs because the concentration gradient favors it.
To determine:
The source and destination of oxygen and carbon dioxide and also determine the physiological process that makes gas exchange necessary.
Introduction:
The exchange of gases occurs because the concentration gradient favors it. In lungs the oxygen concentration is high and carbon dioxide is low, whereas in cells the concentration of oxygen is low and carbon dioxide is high.
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Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology Plus Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (11th Edition)
- List the three ways in which carbon dioxide is transported in the plasma.arrow_forwardName the vessels (in the correct sequence) that CO2 travels in during transport. Describe what happens to CO2 during external respiration. Which structures does it cross? What is the pathway of CO2 in ventilation? How is it different from the pathway that oxygen takes?arrow_forwardDescribe the partial pressures that are relevant to gas exchange.arrow_forward
- The diffusion coefficient of a gas is a constant and is not affected by disease states or treatment options. In contrast the other factors that determine gas diffusion through the respiratory membrane is affected by changes.Name the factors that can cause an increase in the diffusion rate through the respiratory membrane and provide detailed examples of conditions that will cause this increase.arrow_forwardExplain in detail how the cardiovascular and respiratory systems work together to allow the exchange and transport of respiratory gasses throughout the body.arrow_forwardDescribe Fick's Law of diffusion and the impact of increased tissue thickness of the alveoli on gas exchange.arrow_forward
- The human respiratory systems of humans and grasshoppers have different adaptations to maximise the rate of gaseous exchange. State the similarities and differences between the human respiratory system and the grasshopper breathing system.arrow_forwardFill in the blanks using the word bank to describe 02 and CO2 transport in the respiratory system. Words CAN be used more than once. Enhance(s) Reduced Hemoglobin Diffusion Carbaminohemoglobin will 02/CO2 Transport Inhibit Increase Chloride Shift Carbonic Acid Oxygen is transported from the Tissues Decrease oxygen. Plasma Carbonic Anhydrase to the in one of two ways: by binding to hemoglobin, creating. (HbO2), or by dissolving in plasma. Since oxygen has poor solubility in water, most oxygen molecules are transported via As oxygen leaves the lungs and enters the red blood cells, it binds to a hemoglobin (HHb) molecule which consequently forms Oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) and releases a hydrogen ion (H+), which will pH. An increase in H+ the unloading of oxygen from the blood to the Lungs Oxyhemoglobin Red Blood Cell(s) Bicarbonate to the (HbCO2), or as Carbon dioxide is transported from the dissolved in plasma, binding to hemoglobin as plasma. The process of carbon dioxide converting into…arrow_forwardDuring ventilation, where does O2 come from and where is it going? Name the major structures that it encounters (in sequence). Describe what happens to oxygen during external respiration. Which structures does it cross? Name the vessels (in the correct sequence) that O2 travels in during transport. Describe what happens to oxygen during internal respiration. Which structures does it cross?arrow_forward
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