Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781429281843
Author: Tipler
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter 34, Problem 54P
To determine

The value of xandx2 .

Expert Solution & Answer
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Answer to Problem 54P

The value of x is 0 and value of x2 is L2[11218π2] .

Explanation of Solution

Given:

The one-dimensional box region is L2xL2 .

The one-dimensional box length is L .

The centeris at origin.

The particle mass is m .

The wave function for n=1,3,5,... is ψ(x)=2LcosnπxL .

The wave function for n=2,4,6,... is ψ(x)=2LsinnπxL .

State is first excited state (n=2) .

Formula used:

The expression for x is given by,

  x=xψ2(x)dx

The expression for x2 is given by,

  x2=x2ψ2(x)dx

The integral formula,

  θ2sin2θdθ=θ36(θ2418)sin2θθcos2θ4+c

Calculation:

The x is calculated as,

  x=xψ2(x)dx=L/2L/2x( 2 L sin 2πx L )2dx

The function x( 2 L sin 2πxL)2 is odd function.

Solving further as,

  x= L/2 L/2 x( 2 L sin 2πx L )2dx=0

The x2 is calculated as,

  x2=x2ψ2(x)dx=L/2L/2x2( 2 L sin 2πx L )2dx

The function x2( 2 L sin 2πxL)2 is an even function.

Solving further as,

  x2= L/2 L/2 x 2( 2 L sin 2πx L )2dx=20L/2x2( 2 L sin 2πx L )2dx

Let, 2πxL=θ .So,

  2πdxL=dθ

Solving further as,

  x2=20 L/2 x 2( 2 L sin 2πx L )2dx=20π ( Lθ 2π )2( 2 L sinθ)2(Ldθ2π)=L22π30πθ2sin2θdθ=L22π3{θ36( θ 2 418)sin2θθcos2θ4}0π

Solving further as,

  x2=L22π3{ θ 3 6( θ 2 4 1 8 )sin2θ θcos2θ4}0π=L22π3{ π 360π4}=L2[11218 π 2]

Conclusion:

Therefore, the value of x is 0 and value of x2 is L2[11218π2] .

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