The way by which the glucose concentration affects the insulin secretion of cells. Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a condition in the body that leads to metabolic disorders with high blood sugar levels. There are two types of diabetes, type 1 and type 2 . Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes that is seen among individuals. Here, the blood sugar level of the body always remains elevated because of the impaired response of the target cells toward the insulin hormone, which helps to maintain the blood sugar level. There are many foreign substances that act like activators and inhibitor molecules, which disrupt normal hormonal activities. One such chemical is Bisphenol A (BPA) that acts like natural estrogen hormone and have an endocrine disrupting and diabetogenic activity.

Question

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 34, Problem 1DAA

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which the glucose concentration affects the insulin secretion of cells.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a condition in the body that leads to metabolic disorders with high blood sugar levels. There are two types of diabetes, type 1 and type 2. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes that is seen among individuals. Here, the blood sugar level of the body always remains elevated because of the impaired response of the target cells toward the insulin hormone, which helps to maintain the blood sugar level.

There are many foreign substances that act like activators and inhibitor molecules, which disrupt normal hormonal activities. One such chemical is Bisphenol A (BPA) that acts like natural estrogen hormone and have an endocrine disrupting and diabetogenic activity.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

BPA is a synthetic compound present in epoxy resins and plastics, such as food containers, beverage bottles, and so on. Using different studies, the researchers have found that BPA directly acts on the pancreatic cells and increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. BPA activates the estrogen receptor that presents in the pancreatic cells and disrupts the insulin secretion Diarylpropionitrile (DPN), which is a chemical that has similar effects as BPA. It can also bind and activate the estrogen receptor as BPA and affect the insulin secretion.

Refer Figure 34.11 “Effects of BPA and DPN on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion” in the textbook. In the given experiment, researchers focused to determine the effects of BPA on insulin secretion. The human pancreatic cells were cultured and treated with BPA and DPN. Later, the cells were monitored for the insulin secretion. The cells that were exposed to glucose alone, without the treatment with BPA and DPN, secreted less insulin when compared to the treated ones. DPN treated pancreatic cells produced two times more than the insulin and those cells with BPA treatment secreted three times more than the insulin than that of the cells that were exposed to glucose alone.

Conclusion

BPA treated pancreatic cells produced three times more than the insulin, DPN treated cells secreted two times more than the insulin when compared to the cells that were only exposed to glucose.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Students have asked these similar questions

Describe two features of insulin signaling that affect glucose utilization. Aβ-adrenergic response can be modulated through the actions of a receptorkinase and arrestin because phosphorylation by the kinase desensitizes thereceptor. How might signaling by a tyrosine receptor kinase, such as theinsulin receptor, be modulated?

Epinephrine stimulates glycogen breakdown by activating glycogen phosphorylase. However, in the research lab, no glycogen breakdown occurred when epinephrine was added to a test tube containing the enzyme and its substrate, glycogen. Explain why glycogen phosphorylase could be activated by epinephrine only when the hormone was added to intact cells in a solution.

John was repeating George Palade's pulse and chase experiment to trace insulin secretion pathway within cells. When he observed his samples under the electron microscope, he saw the ³H]-leucine labelling all over the cells, which indicates that he made some mistakes in carrying out the experiment. Which of the following is a correct suggestion to improve his result? O Use liver sample after the pulse-chase injection O Inject [13C]-leucine instead of [³H]-leucine Inject non-labeled leucine earlier than what he did O Use phase contrast light microscope instead of electron microscope O Observe the sample two days after pulse-chase injection

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 34, Problem 1DAA

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which the glucose concentration affects the insulin secretion of cells.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a condition in the body that leads to metabolic disorders with high blood sugar levels. There are two types of diabetes, type 1 and type 2. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes that is seen among individuals. Here, the blood sugar level of the body always remains elevated because of the impaired response of the target cells toward the insulin hormone, which helps to maintain the blood sugar level.

There are many foreign substances that act like activators and inhibitor molecules, which disrupt normal hormonal activities. One such chemical is Bisphenol A (BPA) that acts like natural estrogen hormone and have an endocrine disrupting and diabetogenic activity.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

BPA is a synthetic compound present in epoxy resins and plastics, such as food containers, beverage bottles, and so on. Using different studies, the researchers have found that BPA directly acts on the pancreatic cells and increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. BPA activates the estrogen receptor that presents in the pancreatic cells and disrupts the insulin secretion Diarylpropionitrile (DPN), which is a chemical that has similar effects as BPA. It can also bind and activate the estrogen receptor as BPA and affect the insulin secretion.

Refer Figure 34.11 “Effects of BPA and DPN on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion” in the textbook. In the given experiment, researchers focused to determine the effects of BPA on insulin secretion. The human pancreatic cells were cultured and treated with BPA and DPN. Later, the cells were monitored for the insulin secretion. The cells that were exposed to glucose alone, without the treatment with BPA and DPN, secreted less insulin when compared to the treated ones. DPN treated pancreatic cells produced two times more than the insulin and those cells with BPA treatment secreted three times more than the insulin than that of the cells that were exposed to glucose alone.

Conclusion

BPA treated pancreatic cells produced three times more than the insulin, DPN treated cells secreted two times more than the insulin when compared to the cells that were only exposed to glucose.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 34, Problem 1DAA

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which the glucose concentration affects the insulin secretion of cells.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a condition in the body that leads to metabolic disorders with high blood sugar levels. There are two types of diabetes, type 1 and type 2. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes that is seen among individuals. Here, the blood sugar level of the body always remains elevated because of the impaired response of the target cells toward the insulin hormone, which helps to maintain the blood sugar level.

There are many foreign substances that act like activators and inhibitor molecules, which disrupt normal hormonal activities. One such chemical is Bisphenol A (BPA) that acts like natural estrogen hormone and have an endocrine disrupting and diabetogenic activity.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

BPA is a synthetic compound present in epoxy resins and plastics, such as food containers, beverage bottles, and so on. Using different studies, the researchers have found that BPA directly acts on the pancreatic cells and increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. BPA activates the estrogen receptor that presents in the pancreatic cells and disrupts the insulin secretion Diarylpropionitrile (DPN), which is a chemical that has similar effects as BPA. It can also bind and activate the estrogen receptor as BPA and affect the insulin secretion.

Refer Figure 34.11 “Effects of BPA and DPN on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion” in the textbook. In the given experiment, researchers focused to determine the effects of BPA on insulin secretion. The human pancreatic cells were cultured and treated with BPA and DPN. Later, the cells were monitored for the insulin secretion. The cells that were exposed to glucose alone, without the treatment with BPA and DPN, secreted less insulin when compared to the treated ones. DPN treated pancreatic cells produced two times more than the insulin and those cells with BPA treatment secreted three times more than the insulin than that of the cells that were exposed to glucose alone.

Conclusion

BPA treated pancreatic cells produced three times more than the insulin, DPN treated cells secreted two times more than the insulin when compared to the cells that were only exposed to glucose.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 34, Problem 1DAA

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which the glucose concentration affects the insulin secretion of cells.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a condition in the body that leads to metabolic disorders with high blood sugar levels. There are two types of diabetes, type 1 and type 2. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes that is seen among individuals. Here, the blood sugar level of the body always remains elevated because of the impaired response of the target cells toward the insulin hormone, which helps to maintain the blood sugar level.

There are many foreign substances that act like activators and inhibitor molecules, which disrupt normal hormonal activities. One such chemical is Bisphenol A (BPA) that acts like natural estrogen hormone and have an endocrine disrupting and diabetogenic activity.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

BPA is a synthetic compound present in epoxy resins and plastics, such as food containers, beverage bottles, and so on. Using different studies, the researchers have found that BPA directly acts on the pancreatic cells and increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. BPA activates the estrogen receptor that presents in the pancreatic cells and disrupts the insulin secretion Diarylpropionitrile (DPN), which is a chemical that has similar effects as BPA. It can also bind and activate the estrogen receptor as BPA and affect the insulin secretion.

Refer Figure 34.11 “Effects of BPA and DPN on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion” in the textbook. In the given experiment, researchers focused to determine the effects of BPA on insulin secretion. The human pancreatic cells were cultured and treated with BPA and DPN. Later, the cells were monitored for the insulin secretion. The cells that were exposed to glucose alone, without the treatment with BPA and DPN, secreted less insulin when compared to the treated ones. DPN treated pancreatic cells produced two times more than the insulin and those cells with BPA treatment secreted three times more than the insulin than that of the cells that were exposed to glucose alone.

Conclusion

BPA treated pancreatic cells produced three times more than the insulin, DPN treated cells secreted two times more than the insulin when compared to the cells that were only exposed to glucose.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 34, Problem 1DAA

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which the glucose concentration affects the insulin secretion of cells.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a condition in the body that leads to metabolic disorders with high blood sugar levels. There are two types of diabetes, type 1 and type 2. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes that is seen among individuals. Here, the blood sugar level of the body always remains elevated because of the impaired response of the target cells toward the insulin hormone, which helps to maintain the blood sugar level.

There are many foreign substances that act like activators and inhibitor molecules, which disrupt normal hormonal activities. One such chemical is Bisphenol A (BPA) that acts like natural estrogen hormone and have an endocrine disrupting and diabetogenic activity.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

BPA is a synthetic compound present in epoxy resins and plastics, such as food containers, beverage bottles, and so on. Using different studies, the researchers have found that BPA directly acts on the pancreatic cells and increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. BPA activates the estrogen receptor that presents in the pancreatic cells and disrupts the insulin secretion Diarylpropionitrile (DPN), which is a chemical that has similar effects as BPA. It can also bind and activate the estrogen receptor as BPA and affect the insulin secretion.

Refer Figure 34.11 “Effects of BPA and DPN on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion” in the textbook. In the given experiment, researchers focused to determine the effects of BPA on insulin secretion. The human pancreatic cells were cultured and treated with BPA and DPN. Later, the cells were monitored for the insulin secretion. The cells that were exposed to glucose alone, without the treatment with BPA and DPN, secreted less insulin when compared to the treated ones. DPN treated pancreatic cells produced two times more than the insulin and those cells with BPA treatment secreted three times more than the insulin than that of the cells that were exposed to glucose alone.

Conclusion

BPA treated pancreatic cells produced three times more than the insulin, DPN treated cells secreted two times more than the insulin when compared to the cells that were only exposed to glucose.

Answer 6

Chapter 34, Problem 1DAA

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which the glucose concentration affects the insulin secretion of cells.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a condition in the body that leads to metabolic disorders with high blood sugar levels. There are two types of diabetes, type 1 and type 2. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes that is seen among individuals. Here, the blood sugar level of the body always remains elevated because of the impaired response of the target cells toward the insulin hormone, which helps to maintain the blood sugar level.

There are many foreign substances that act like activators and inhibitor molecules, which disrupt normal hormonal activities. One such chemical is Bisphenol A (BPA) that acts like natural estrogen hormone and have an endocrine disrupting and diabetogenic activity.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

BPA is a synthetic compound present in epoxy resins and plastics, such as food containers, beverage bottles, and so on. Using different studies, the researchers have found that BPA directly acts on the pancreatic cells and increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. BPA activates the estrogen receptor that presents in the pancreatic cells and disrupts the insulin secretion Diarylpropionitrile (DPN), which is a chemical that has similar effects as BPA. It can also bind and activate the estrogen receptor as BPA and affect the insulin secretion.

Refer Figure 34.11 “Effects of BPA and DPN on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion” in the textbook. In the given experiment, researchers focused to determine the effects of BPA on insulin secretion. The human pancreatic cells were cultured and treated with BPA and DPN. Later, the cells were monitored for the insulin secretion. The cells that were exposed to glucose alone, without the treatment with BPA and DPN, secreted less insulin when compared to the treated ones. DPN treated pancreatic cells produced two times more than the insulin and those cells with BPA treatment secreted three times more than the insulin than that of the cells that were exposed to glucose alone.

Conclusion

BPA treated pancreatic cells produced three times more than the insulin, DPN treated cells secreted two times more than the insulin when compared to the cells that were only exposed to glucose.

Answer 7

Chapter 34, Problem 1DAA

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which the glucose concentration affects the insulin secretion of cells.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a condition in the body that leads to metabolic disorders with high blood sugar levels. There are two types of diabetes, type 1 and type 2. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes that is seen among individuals. Here, the blood sugar level of the body always remains elevated because of the impaired response of the target cells toward the insulin hormone, which helps to maintain the blood sugar level.

There are many foreign substances that act like activators and inhibitor molecules, which disrupt normal hormonal activities. One such chemical is Bisphenol A (BPA) that acts like natural estrogen hormone and have an endocrine disrupting and diabetogenic activity.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

BPA is a synthetic compound present in epoxy resins and plastics, such as food containers, beverage bottles, and so on. Using different studies, the researchers have found that BPA directly acts on the pancreatic cells and increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. BPA activates the estrogen receptor that presents in the pancreatic cells and disrupts the insulin secretion Diarylpropionitrile (DPN), which is a chemical that has similar effects as BPA. It can also bind and activate the estrogen receptor as BPA and affect the insulin secretion.

Refer Figure 34.11 “Effects of BPA and DPN on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion” in the textbook. In the given experiment, researchers focused to determine the effects of BPA on insulin secretion. The human pancreatic cells were cultured and treated with BPA and DPN. Later, the cells were monitored for the insulin secretion. The cells that were exposed to glucose alone, without the treatment with BPA and DPN, secreted less insulin when compared to the treated ones. DPN treated pancreatic cells produced two times more than the insulin and those cells with BPA treatment secreted three times more than the insulin than that of the cells that were exposed to glucose alone.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Conclusion

BPA treated pancreatic cells produced three times more than the insulin, DPN treated cells secreted two times more than the insulin when compared to the cells that were only exposed to glucose.

Answer 12

Ch. 34 - Prob. 1DAA Ch. 34 - Effect of BPA on Insulin Secretion Bisphenol A...Ch. 34 - Effect of BPA on Insulin Secretion Bisphenol A...Ch. 34 - Effect of BPA on Insulin Secretion Bisphenol A...Ch. 34 - Prob. 1SQ Ch. 34 - A ________ is synthesized from cholesterol and can...Ch. 34 - Match each pituitary hormone with its target. ____...Ch. 34 - Releasing hormones secreted by the hypothalamus...Ch. 34 - Prob. 5SQ Ch. 34 - Low blood calcium triggers secretion by ________....

Concept explainers

Videos

Explanation of Solution

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Chapter 34 Solutions